lesson 26 Flashcards
What are the 5 posterior axio-appendicular muscles?
What are the key aspects we need to know about the anterior axio-appendicular muscles ?
- they attach to the axial and appendicular skeleton
- they do not originate from the vertebral column but originate from the thoracic cage instead
- located on the anterolateral aspect of the body :
pectoral region
lateral thoracic wall - they control and cause movement of the upper limb
- are innervated by the anterior rami of spinal nerves specifically branches of the brachial plexus
what are the two heads of the pectoralis major?
origin:
clavicular head : anterior surface of clavicle
sternocostal head : sternum
and costal cartilage of ribs 1-6
what are the actions that take place in the pectoralis major? and what nerves innervate it?
innervates pectoralis muscles
where does the pectorals major insert?
it inserts on the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove
where do the muscles attach on the intertubercular groove?
Where does pectoralis minor originate from? and where does it insert?
you have to remove major to see minor
ribs 3-5
insertion:
coracoid process of scapula
what are the actions that take place in the pectoralis minor? and what nerves does it innervate?
stabilize the scapula on the thoracic wall
-protraction of scapula: draws scapula anteroinferior
- think of shaking someones hand
innervation:
medial pectoral nerve
lateral pectoral nerve
where does the serratus anterior muscles originate from? and where does it insert?
lateral surface of ribs 1-8
insertion:
superior angle of scapula
medial border of scapula
inferior angle of scapula
what are the actions of the serratus anterior muscles?
stabilizes scapula against thoracic wall
protracts scapula
upwards rotation of scapula
what is the axilla?
pyramidal shaped-space
passageway or distribution centre for structure travelling to and from the upper limb
what is the apex and base?
the base usually moved to see the axilla
apex: seen as cervioc acillary canal
(passing from the region of the neck to the axilla) and cervical vertebrae are found in the neck
-bounded by the clavicle anteriorly, rib one medially, and superior border of scapular posterolaterally.
- usually trapezius muscle found here
what do we need to know about the lateral wall and medial wall?
lateral wall: is comprised of the humerus- and is only wall that is osteological
medial wall: comprised of serratus anterior and thoracic cage and muscles in intercostal spaces
what do we need to know about the boundary anterior wall?
comprised of pectoralis major superficially, and pectoralis minor deep to major
- to explore axilla need to reflect minor and major to see the contents
what do we need to know about the posterior wall?
