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NDAP NAVDEN 101 Unit 2: Basic Dental Science > Lesson 2.3: General Medical Emergencies > Flashcards

Lesson 2.3: General Medical Emergencies Flashcards

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1
Q

Caused by prolonged seating of the patient in the supine position during treatment and then suddenly placing them in the upright position

A

Postural Hypotension (Type of shock)

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2
Q

Signs and symptoms of a patient with Postural Hypotension

A

Light-headed and/or extreme dizziness; disorientation

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3
Q

How to prevent Postural Hypotension

A

By slowly returning the patient to the upright position

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4
Q

How to treat Postural Hypotension

A

By returning the patient to the supine position

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5
Q

How to treat Postural Hypotension in pregnant patients

A

By positioning the patient on their left side

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6
Q

Caused by the presence of an allergen; could be food, drug, venom or latex

A

Anaphylactic Shock

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Patients are at an increased risk if they have a history of allergies or had an anaphylactic response before

A

True

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8
Q

Signs and symptoms of a patient with Anaphylactic Shock

A
  1. Respiratory difficulty
  2. Edema (swelling)
  3. Hives
  4. Cyanosis (blue skin)
  5. Weak pulse
  6. Nausea
  7. A decrease in blood pressure
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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Anaphylactic shock is NOT a life-threatening condition

A

False

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10
Q

How to treat Anaphylactic Shock

A
  1. Place the patient in the supine position
  2. Call for help
  3. Access the emergency kit
  4. Administer Oxygen
    Note: You will monitor the patient’s vital signs during treatment
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11
Q

The dose of epinephrine needed for patients with Anaphylactic Shock

A

3ml of 1:1,000 Epinephrine

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12
Q

Decreased blood supply to the heart. It can be caused by extreme physical exertion or stress

A

Angina Pectoris (Angina)

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13
Q

Signs and symptoms of Angina

A
  1. Pain in the chest (substernal) lasting 3 to 8 minutes
  2. Shortness of breath
  3. Anxiety
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14
Q

How to treat Angina

A
  1. Place a nitroglycerin tablet sublingually or use a translingual spray
  2. Administer oxygen
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15
Q

How to treat Angina in a patient wearing a nitroglycerin patch

A
  1. Administer Oxygen

2. Call for help if the condition does not improve or if it becomes worse

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16
Q

The complete shutdown of both the circulatory and respiratory systems

A

Cardiac Arrest

17
Q

This is considered to be one of the most serious medical emergencies you can encounter

A

Cardiac Arrest

18
Q

Signs and symptoms of Cardiac Arrest

A
  1. Loss of consciousness

2. Lack of pulse and breathing

19
Q

Treatment of Cardiac Arrest

A
  1. Activate the EMS system (Code Blue)

2. Administer CPR and retrieve the emergency cart

20
Q

An imbalance of insulin or glucose (sugar)

A

Diabetic Acidosis (Hyperglycemic Coma)

21
Q

Signs and symptoms of Hyperglycemic Coma

A
  1. Acetone breath (fruity smell)
  2. Rapid but weak pulse
  3. May be unresponsive
  4. May be unconscious
  5. Dry mouth
  6. A complaint of a sudden headache
22
Q

Treatment of Diabetic Acidosis

A
  1. Ask conscious patient when they last ate or took insulin
  2. Contact physician
  3. If this condition is goes untreated, activate EMS
23
Q

This is caused by too much insulin in the system

A

Insulin Shock (Hypoglycemia)

24
Q

Signs and symptoms of Hypoglycemia

A
  1. Moist, clammy skin
  2. Increased anxiety/confusion
  3. Patient may complain of hunger
  4. Patient may become unconscious
25
Q

Treatment of Hypoglycemia

A
  1. If the patient is conscious, offer food containing glucose
  2. Notify the patient’s physician
  3. Activate EMS and retrieve the emergency cart
26
Q

Who can intravenously administer dextrose (sugar) to a patient who is in Hypoglycemic Shock?

A

An Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Provider

27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

It’s ok to force food or juice in an unconscious patient’s mouth if they are in Hypoglycemic Shock

A

False

28
Q

A disorder characterized by convulsions or disturbances of consciousness

A

Epileptic Seizures

29
Q

Signs and symptoms of Epileptic Seizures

A
  1. Having a warning aura

2. Spasm/twitching of muscles

30
Q

Type of seizure that is mild and brief in duration; the patient may stare into space

A

Petit mal seizure

31
Q

Type of seizure that is severe; the patient loses consciousness followed by violent contractions of their muscles

A

Grand mal seizure

32
Q

Treatment of a patient having Epileptic Seizures

A
  1. Protect them from self-injury by placing the patient on the floor and/or moving hazards away from them.
  2. Contact EMS upon the onset of the seizure and active Code Blue procedures
33
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Never place anything in the patient’s mouth as it may cause airway compromise

A

True

NDAP NAVDEN 101 Unit 2: Basic Dental Science (5 decks)

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