Lesson 2.1: Anatomy of the Oral Cavity Flashcards
Part of the tooth encased in enamel; above and below the gum line
Anatomical Crown
Root tip
Apex
Name for the opening at the root tip (where blood vessels and nerves enter)
Apical foramen
Where the anatomical crown and root meet
Cemento-enamel junction
Part of the tooth covered in enamel; above the gum line
Clinical crown
Portion of the tooth covered by enamel
Crown
Innermost section of the tooth that provides sensation
Pulp
Runs from the apical foramen to the pulp chamber
Pulp Canal
This encases the pulp
Pulp Chamber
This makes up the anatomical crown’s outer layer
Enamel
Enamel is the ______ material in the human body
hardest
Enamel is able to withstand crushing stresses of about _________?
100,000 psi
Enamel is incapable of _______ and _______.
remodeling, repair
Enamel is composed of __ to __ percent of inorganic material
96 to 99
Makes up the bulk of the tooth
Dentin
Dentin is _____ of continued growth and repair
capable
Dentin is the ______ hardest calcified tissue in the human body
second
Dentin is composed of approximately ___ percent inorganic material and ___ percent organic material
70/30
Anchors the tooth to the bony socket via attachment fibers
Cementum
The ________ is the vital center of the tooth. It is a soft tissue compound of loose, connective tissue containing numerous nerves, blood, and lymph vessels
dental pulp
The pulp chamber is located within the _____ of the tooth
crown
The pulp canal is within the _____ of the tooth
root
The primary function of the dental pulp is _________
the formation of dentin
Extension of the mandible and maxilla; forms sockets and supports teeth
Alveolar process
Tissue surrounding the teeth
Gingiva (gums)
Extends from the base of the sulcus to the cheek, lip, under tongue or the soft palate; self-protecting, resilient, firm tissue
Attached gingiva
The area from the gingival margin to the base of the gingival sulcus; not attached to bone
Unattached gingiva (Free gingiva)
Space between free gingiva and tooth
Gingival sulcus
Healthy sulcus rarely exceeds __ mm
2-3
Tissue that attaches to the tooth and forms the base of the sulcus
Epithelial attachment
The lowest point of the free gingiva
Epithelial attachment
Unattached gingiva that fills space between teeth
Interdental papilla
What are the three types of Unattached gingiva?
- Gingival Sulcus
- Epithelial Attachment
- Interdental Papilla
Dense Fibrous tissue between cementum and bone that cushions and connects the tooth to the alveolar socket
Periodontal Ligament
Five functions of the periodontal ligament
- Formative
- Supportive
- Protective
- Nutritive (Nutrition)
- Resorptive
Consists of the alveolar process, gingiva, and periodontal ligaments
Periodontium
Specialized mucous membrane that covers the entire oral cavity
Oral mucosa
Three types of oral mucosa
- Lining mucosa
- Masticatory mucosa
- Specialized mucosa
An oral digestive fluid
Saliva
Every 24 hours _____ pints of saliva are produced by the salivary glands
2-3
Saliva helps maintain the integrity of the tooth surfaces through a process of ________
remineralization
Saliva is excreted by these 3 major glands
1.Parotid glands
2. Submandibular glands
3 Sublingual glands
A mass of flexible voluntary muscles located in the mouth
Tongue
