Lesson 21.1-21.2

Question 1

virus

Answer 1

non-living particle made of proteins, nucleic acids, and sometimes lipids

Question 2

capsid

Answer 2

protein coat that surrounds RNA and DNA

Question 3

lytic infection

Answer 3

virus enters a bacterial cell, makes copies of itself, and causes the cell to burst

Question 4

lysogenic infection

Answer 4

host cell is not immediately taken over

Question 5

prophage

Answer 5

bacteriophage DNA that becomes embedded in the bacterial host’s DNA

Question 6

retrovirus

Answer 6

DNA virus that contains RNA as its genetic information

Question 7

prokaryotes

Answer 7

unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus

Question 8

binary fission

Answer 8

cells replicate it’s DNA and divides in half to produce two identical cells

Question 9

endospore

Answer 9

a thick internal wall that encloses the DNA and a portion of the cytoplasm

Question 10

conjugation

Answer 10

a hollow bridge forms between two bacterial cells, and genetic material, usually in the form of plasmid, moves from one cell to the other

Question 11

pathogens

Answer 11

disease-causing agents

Question 12

vaccine

Answer 12

a preparation of weakened or killed pathogens or inactivated toxins

Question 13

antibiotics

Answer 13

such as penicillin and tetracyline, that block the growth and reproduction of bacteria