Lesson 2.1 - Salivary Glands

Question 1

three main pairs of salivary glands

Answer 1

parotid glands
submandibular glands
sublingual glands

Question 2

ducts under tongue (from submandibular to sublingual to under the tongue)

Answer 2

Wharton’s ducts

Question 3

structure of salivary glands

Answer 3

capsule

lobules - secretory cells

Question 4

3 functions of saliva

Answer 4

digestive
lubrication
protection

Question 5

parotitis is

Answer 5

inflammation of parotid gland

Question 6

what does mumps cause

Answer 6

parotitis

Question 7

what will the sono appearance of parotitis be (4)

Answer 7

bilateral
heterogenous
increased vascularity/hyperaemia

Question 8

what is secondary to parotitis?

Answer 8

reactive lymph nodes

Question 9

term for salivary gland infection

Answer 9

sialitis

Question 10

what does sialitis look like sonographically (3)

Answer 10

diffuse heterogenicity
increased vascularity
chronic calcification

Question 11

dilation of salivary duct term

Answer 11

sialectasis

Question 12

inflammation of the parotid gland term

Answer 12

parotitis

Question 13

a condition resulting from duct obstruction of parotid/submandibular glands assoc with pain and swelling

Answer 13

ptyalectasis

Question 14

where do most salivary gland stones occur?

Answer 14

submandibular

Question 15

t/f parotid duct calcli are common

Answer 15

false

Question 16

what is the most common tumour of the salivary gland

Answer 16

pleomorphic salivary adenoma (mixed benign tumour)

Question 17

sono appearance of adenomas (2)

Answer 17

posterior enhancement and well circumscribed

Question 18

what glad do malignant tumours most commonly affect

Answer 18

carcinoma

Question 19

carcinoma sono appearance (3)

Answer 19

heterogenous
smooth walls
internal vascularity

Question 20

what is sjogrens disease

Answer 20

an autoimmune disorder affecting the moisture producing exocrine glands (tears and saliva)

Question 21

what syndrome is sjogrens disease associated with, and what does it present as

Answer 21

sicca syndrome - dryness of eyes/mouth

Question 22

where might simple cysts may occur?

Answer 22

parotid or submandibular glands

Question 23

what may cause a simple cyst of the salivary gland to become complicated? (3)

Answer 23

haemorrhage
trauma
infection

Question 24

where is the kuttner lymph node located

Answer 24

between parotid and submandibular gland

Question 25

what is the echogenicity and echotexture of salivary glands

Answer 25

hypoechoic

homogenous

Question 26

what echogenicity can salivary glands be compared to

Answer 26

muscle

Question 27

what is Wharton’s duct and size

Answer 27

the submandibular duct, no more than 2mm

Question 28

t/f Wharton’s duct is often not visible along its entire length

Answer 28

true

Question 29

which gland will be more attenuative?

Answer 29

the parotid because of its fat content