Lesson 1.1 - Thyroid Anat Flashcards
Transducer frequency
7.5-15.0
**Thyroid gland is in front of (2) and at the level of what 4 vertebrae
In front of the larynx and trachea at the level of the 5th, 6th, and 7th cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae
Is the thyroid vascular
yes
**Lingual thyroid 2 features
Thyroid tissue embedded in tongue
No thyroid gland in the neck
Usually asymptomatic
*Arterial blood supply to thyroid
superior + inferior thyroid arteries
*the superior thyroid artery is a branch of what
superior thy = external carotid artery
*the inferior thyroid artery is a branch of what
inferior thy = subclavian artery
*thyroid veins drain into
the internal jugular veins
*Innervation of thyroid and location
Recurrent laryngeal nerve -
on right side lies near inferior thyroid artery
*what lies lateral to the thyroid gland
CCA and SCM muscles
*what lies posterior to the thyroid gland
longus coli muscles
*what lies anterior to the thyroid gland
strap muscles
*where are the jugular veins in relation to the thyroid gland
anterolaterally
what is the role of iodine with the thyroid
iodine = formation of thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3)
*Explain pathway of how T3 and T4 is released into the blood
Hypothalamus stimulates secretion of TRH (thyrotroponin releasing hormone)
Activates the anterior pituitary to release TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
Activates release of T3 and T4 into blood from the thyroid
*What is the role of T3 and T4 in the body
Increasing metabolic rate/ regulating metabolism
Organs (2) and systems (4) most influenced by thyroid hormones
Skeletal system* nervous system* digestive system reproductive system heart skin
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism
Increased metabolic rate Anxiety Hair loss Diarrhea Exophthalmos (bulging eyes) in Graves' disease
Symptoms of hypothyroidism
Decreased metabolic rate Weight gain, anorexia Depression, psychosis Dry skin, brittle hair Constipation
*What is the first line test for assessment for thyroid function
TSH
*High levels of TSH indicate
hypothyroidism
*Suppressed levels of TSH indicate
hyperthyroidism
*What is investigated as an adjunct to TSH for thyroid function
T4 (free less sensitive however)
Other markers for thyroid function (specifically Hashimoto’s or Grave’s disease)
Elevated anti-TPO Ab
antibody