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Biol 203 > Lesson 2: Nutrient Standards and Guidelines > Flashcards

Lesson 2: Nutrient Standards and Guidelines Flashcards

1
Q

What do we call the reference values that are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes?

A

DRI (Dietary Recommended Intakes)

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2
Q

True or False: In the past, the purpose of DRIs was to reduce the risk of deficiency diseases like Beriberi and Scurvy?

A

True

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3
Q

What are the 3 main objectives of DRIs?

A

Prevent deficiency diseases
Reduce risk of chronic diseases
Safety supplement use and fortification

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4
Q

Average daily nutrient intake requirement that meets the needs of 98% of the population in a life stage or gender group. It needs the EAR to be established.

A

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

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5
Q

What is the nutrient requirement that meets the needs of 50% of the population (half of the healthy people in a particular life stage or group)?

A

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

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6
Q

What is the average daily amount of a nutrient that appear sufficient to maintain a specified criterion? It is based on based on the intakes of a healthy group of people in a particular life stage and gender group. Used when an RDA cannot be determined.

A

Adequate Intake (AI)

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7
Q

What is the the maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people, in which exceeding this level causes an increased risk of adverse health effects including even death?

A

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

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8
Q

What it the AI for sodium?

A

1500 mg/day

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9
Q

What is the average dietary energy intake that maintains energy balance and good health in a person of a given age, gender, weight, height and level of physical activity?

A

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

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10
Q

What does the EER take into account?

A 
Physical activity
Height
Weight
Age
Gender
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11
Q

What are the ranges of intakes for energy-yielding nutrients that provide adequate energy and nutrients and reduce the risk of chronic diseases called? This recommendation applies to all healthy people & not a specific gender or life age group.

A

Acceptable Micronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs)

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12
Q

What three macronutrients could energy intake be obtained from?

A

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins

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13
Q

What proportion of your energy intake should come from carbohydrates?

A

45-65%

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14
Q

What proportion of your energy intake should come from lipids?

A

20-35%

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15
Q

What proportion of your energy intake should come from protein?

A

10-35%

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16
Q

True or False: The Percent Daily Value (%DV) is based on 2000 kcal diet & loosely based on DRI.

A

True

17
Q

What is the RDA for calcium?

A

1000 mg

18
Q

What are the 4 major food groups in Canada?

A

Grains
Milk & Alternatives
Meat & Alternatives
Vegetables & Fruit

19
Q

What part of the grain serves as a protective coating around the kernel and is rich in nutrients and fiber?

A

Bran

20
Q

Which part of the seed contains mostly starch and some protein?

A

Endosperm

21
Q

Which part of the seed grown into a wheat plant and contains the plant embryo? This part of the plant is especially rich in vitamins and minerals to support new life.

A

Germ

22
Q

What do we call any grass that can be cultivated for it’s grain?

A

Cereal

23
Q

What are grains rich in?

A

Carbohydrates
Fiber (only when the grain is whole)
Vitamins: folate, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin E
Minerals: magnesium and iron

24
Q

What is milk fortified with in Canada?

A

Vitamin D and Vitamin A

25
Q

What are the notable nutrients in milk?

A

Protein
Vitamins: riboflavin, vitamin D and vitamin B12
Minerals: calcium

26
Q

What is the issue with milk?

A

We produce less of the enzyme required to digest milk sugar which can lead to indigestion.

27
Q

What are meat, poultry and fish a rich source of?

A

Protein
Vitamins B6 and B12
Minerals: Iron and Zinc

28
Q

Which nut is not a member of the legume family?

A

Tree nuts

29
Q

What are fruits and vegetables rich in?

A

Carbohydrates
Fiber
Vitamins: folate, vitamin A, C and K
Minerals: magnesium and potassium

30
Q

Why are eggplants, zucchini, tomatoes, squashes and bell peppers also considered to be fruits?

A

They have seeds.

31
Q

Which group has the highest number of recommended servings per day in the Canadian Food Guide?

A

Vegetables and Fruits

32
Q

How do fruits encourage animals to disperse their seeds?

A

They must place the fruit seeds inside of a nutritious, sweet package as a way to encourage frequent visits.

Biol 203 (11 decks)

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