Lesson 2 Definitons

Question 1

Gibbs Free energy

Answer 1

amount of energy available to do work

Question 2

activation energy

Answer 2

energy required to begin reaction

Question 3

binding energy

Answer 3

energy released during reaction

Question 4

AMP

Answer 4

adenosine MONOphosphate (as opposed to DI and TRIphosphate)

Question 5

ADP

Answer 5

ingredient of DNA

Question 6

ATP

Answer 6

short term energy storage, coenzyme (energy currency) generated by coenzyme Q10

Question 7

Chelate

Answer 7

a compound containing a ligand (typically organic) bonded to a central metal atom at two or more points

Question 8

active site

Answer 8

where enzyme/substrate interaction occurs

Question 9

apoenzyme

Answer 9

inactive enzyme lacking it’s cofactor

Question 10

allosteric control

Answer 10

a molecule binds to enzyme and changes it’s physical shape, either activating or inhibiting enzyme

Question 11

feedback inhibition

Answer 11

excess product binds to the enzyme and causes it to stop producing.

Question 12

precursor

Answer 12

a substance from which a (usually more mature) substance is formed

Question 13

ribozyme

Answer 13

nucleic acids (RNA) that act as both enzymes and information storage

Question 14

proteome

Answer 14

complete set of proteins, different from genomes because they can change depending on the gene

Question 15

ribonuclease

Answer 15

catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller parts, contains 124 amino acids

Question 16

Genome

Answer 16

complete set of genes in an organism

Question 17

allosteric site

Answer 17

site that allows molecules to effect enzymes

Question 18

interactome

Answer 18

the whole set of molecular interactions in a given cell