Lesson 1 Definitons

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Physical Substance

Question 2

Mass Number/Atomic Mass

Answer 2

of protons + # of neutrons in an atom (bottom number on P table)

Question 3

Volume

Answer 3

The amount of space matter occupies

Question 4

Density

Answer 4

the amount of mass in a given volume

Question 5

Element

Answer 5

make up matter, can’t be broken down

Question 6

Atom

Answer 6

building block of elements

Question 7

Proton

Answer 7

Positive Charge (+1.602x10^-19 Coulombs)

Question 8

Neutron

Answer 8

Neutral Charge

Question 9

Electron

Answer 9

Negative Charge (+1.602x10^-19 Coulombs)

Question 10

Atomic Number

Answer 10

of protons in an atom

Question 11

Isotope

Answer 11

Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons (top number on P table)

Question 12

Isomer

Answer 12

Molecules that have the same chemical formulas but different structures

Question 13

Endothermic

Answer 13

absorbing heat

Question 14

Exothermic

Answer 14

releasing heat

Question 15

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 15

Energy can’t be destroyed

Question 16

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 16

potential energy always is less after an energy exchange

Question 17

Covalent Bond

Answer 17

Between two or more non-metals, usually makes liquids, gases, or solids with low melting points

Question 18

Metallic Bond

Answer 18

Between metal and metal, makes solids with high melting points

Question 19

Ionic Bond

Answer 19

Between metal and non-metal, usually makes solids with high melting points

Question 20

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 20

Molecules containing bonds between H and N, O, or F

Question 21

Acid

Answer 21

H+ donor

Question 22

Base

Answer 22

H+ acceptor

Question 23

Hydrophobic

Answer 23

Doesn’t mix well with water

Question 24

Hydrophilic

Answer 24

mixes well with water

Question 25

Specific Heat

Answer 25

the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temp by one degree

Question 26

Carbohydrate

Answer 26

Organic molecules including carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Used for energy storage and structure

Question 27

Lipid

Answer 27

Fats, formed from reaction of fatty acids. Used for energy storage, structure, and cell signaling

Question 28

Protein

Answer 28

Amino acids joined by peptide bonds. Used for energy, structure, cell signaling, and cellular reactions (enzymes)

Question 29

RNA

Answer 29

Ribonucleic Acid

Question 30

DNA

Answer 30

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 31

Nucleotide

Answer 31

Building block of DNA and RNA

Question 32

Nucleobase

Answer 32

Building block of nucleotides