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Radiation Protection > lesson 2 > Flashcards

lesson 2 Flashcards

1
Q

where the highest occupational exposure
of diagnostic x ray personnel occur together
w/ mobile radiology

A

Fluoroscopy

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2
Q
  • Wr = radiation weighting factor
    (different types of radiation)
  • Wt = tissue weighting factor (tissue
    radiosensitivity )
A

Effective dose
- quantity of importance
- Expressed in mSv (mrem)

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3
Q

Radiation weighting factor Wr- 1 ( 3
types of radiation used in medicine)

A
  • x-ray
  • gamma ray
  • alpha particle- highest LET; highest
    weighting factor (20)
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4
Q

accounts for the relative radiosensitivity of various
tissues

A

Tissue weighting factor (Wt)

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5
Q

top 2 radiosensitive tissue

A
  • gonads w/ 0.20
  • active bone marrow - 0.12
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6
Q

top 2 least radiosensitive tissue

A
  • bone surface - 0.01
  • skin (least sensitive) - 0.01
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7
Q

radiation is known to produce (cyclotron physicist)

A

cataracts

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8
Q

Individuals in the general population
dose limits

A

1mSv/yr (100mrem/yr)

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9
Q

leaner lined metal container into which the x
ray tube is fitted
- function: insulator (diala oil) against electric shock

A

Protective tube housing

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10
Q

non penetrating radiation

A
  • alpha
  • beta
  • soft x-ray
  • genz rays
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11
Q

indicates exposure and when the x ray tube
is energized with the use of mA and kVp
indicators

A

Control panel

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12
Q

restriction of the useful beam to reduce
patient dose and improve image contrast

A

Collimator

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13
Q

reduction in radiation intensity results from
absorption and scattering

A

ATTENUATION

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14
Q

feature of radiographic collimators that
automatically adjusts the radiation to the
size of the image receptor.

A

Positive beam limitation (PBL)

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15
Q

all general purpose diagnostic x ray beams
must have: Total filtration of- at least

A

2.5mmAl

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16
Q
  • the output radiation intensity should be
    constant from one exposure to another for
    any given technique
  • checked by: repeating radiation exposure
    though the same technique and observe the
    average variation in radiation
  • the variation in X-ray intensity should not
    exceed 5%
A

Reproducibility

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17
Q

ability of a radiographic unit to produce
constant radiation output for various
combinations of mA and exposure time(s)

A

Linearity

18
Q

The maximum acceptable variation in linearity
is BLANK from one mA station to an adjacent
mAstation mAs= (mA*s)

A

10%

19
Q

RT stands behind this barrier during the
exposure

A

Fixed protective barrier (console booth)

20
Q

must be fixed to the operating console and not to a long cord

A

exposure control ( rotor button)

21
Q

must be worn when the RT is in the exposure room during the exposure

A

Protective apparel

22
Q
  • A protective lead apron should be assigned
    to each BLANK
  • the exposure switch 2m cord switch long
    and stand 6ft away from the tube during
    exposure
  • x-ray beam away from RT
A

Portable x-ray unit

23
Q

Increasing the distance b/n the
fluoroscopic tube and the patient =

A

reduce patient dose

24
Q

Decrease distance of the
fluoroscopic tube and the tabletop =

A

increase patient dose = increase
magnification

25
Q

but to maintain exposure to the image
intensifier; BLANK must be increased to
compensate for the increased distance
(square law)

A

mA

26
Q

SSD means

A

source- to-skin distance

27
Q

ESD means

A

entrance skin dose or ESE (entrance
skin exposure)

28
Q

dose that exits the patient

A

Exit exposure dose

29
Q

SSD must not be less than 38cm

A

Stationary fluoroscopes

30
Q

SSD not less
than 30 cm

A

Mobiles fluoroscopes-

31
Q

Increase tube and tabletop distance =

A

increase mA

32
Q
  • serves as a primary protective barrier
  • thickness 2mmPb equivalent
A

Fluoroscopic IR (image Intensifier
assembly)

33
Q

Total filtration of the fluoroscope

A

At least 2.5mmAl

34
Q

Included as part of filtration

A
  1. Tabletop
  2. Patient cradle
35
Q

Operated at 80kVp- HVL should at least
BLANK (for adequate filtration)

A

2.4mmAl

36
Q

-unexposed borders should be visible at all
heights above the tabletop
- collimator shutters should track w/ height
above the tabletop

A

For automatic collimating devices

37
Q

fluoroscopic exposure switch, exposure is terminated when released the pedal

A

Dead man type

38
Q

-conventional foot pedal
-Pressure switch

A

Exposure Control

39
Q
  • Size: at least 0.25 mmPb equivalent
  • Position: b/n the fluoroscopy and the patient
A

Protective curtain/panel

40
Q

produces audible signal/sound when the
fluoroscopic time exceed 5 minutes

A

Cumulative time

41
Q

record the total fluoroscopy beam on time for each examination

A

Assisting personnel

Radiation Protection (8 decks)

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