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lesson 2 Flashcards

1
Q

where the highest occupational exposure
of diagnostic x ray personnel occur together
w/ mobile radiology

A

Fluoroscopy

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2
Q
  • Wr = radiation weighting factor
    (different types of radiation)
  • Wt = tissue weighting factor (tissue
    radiosensitivity )
A

Effective dose
- quantity of importance
- Expressed in mSv (mrem)

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3
Q

Radiation weighting factor Wr- 1 ( 3
types of radiation used in medicine)

A
  • x-ray
  • gamma ray
  • alpha particle- highest LET; highest
    weighting factor (20)
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4
Q

accounts for the relative radiosensitivity of various
tissues

A

Tissue weighting factor (Wt)

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5
Q

top 2 radiosensitive tissue

A
  • gonads w/ 0.20
  • active bone marrow - 0.12
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6
Q

top 2 least radiosensitive tissue

A
  • bone surface - 0.01
  • skin (least sensitive) - 0.01
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7
Q

radiation is known to produce (cyclotron physicist)

A

cataracts

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8
Q

Individuals in the general population
dose limits

A

1mSv/yr (100mrem/yr)

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9
Q

leaner lined metal container into which the x
ray tube is fitted
- function: insulator (diala oil) against electric shock

A

Protective tube housing

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10
Q

non penetrating radiation

A
  • alpha
  • beta
  • soft x-ray
  • genz rays
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11
Q

indicates exposure and when the x ray tube
is energized with the use of mA and kVp
indicators

A

Control panel

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12
Q

restriction of the useful beam to reduce
patient dose and improve image contrast

A

Collimator

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13
Q

reduction in radiation intensity results from
absorption and scattering

A

ATTENUATION

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14
Q

feature of radiographic collimators that
automatically adjusts the radiation to the
size of the image receptor.

A

Positive beam limitation (PBL)

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15
Q

all general purpose diagnostic x ray beams
must have: Total filtration of- at least

A

2.5mmAl

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16
Q
  • the output radiation intensity should be
    constant from one exposure to another for
    any given technique
  • checked by: repeating radiation exposure
    though the same technique and observe the
    average variation in radiation
  • the variation in X-ray intensity should not
    exceed 5%
A

Reproducibility

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17
Q

ability of a radiographic unit to produce
constant radiation output for various
combinations of mA and exposure time(s)

18
Q

The maximum acceptable variation in linearity
is BLANK from one mA station to an adjacent
mAstation mAs= (mA*s)

19
Q

RT stands behind this barrier during the
exposure

A

Fixed protective barrier (console booth)

20
Q

must be fixed to the operating console and not to a long cord

A

exposure control ( rotor button)

21
Q

must be worn when the RT is in the exposure room during the exposure

A

Protective apparel

22
Q
  • A protective lead apron should be assigned
    to each BLANK
  • the exposure switch 2m cord switch long
    and stand 6ft away from the tube during
    exposure
  • x-ray beam away from RT
A

Portable x-ray unit

23
Q

Increasing the distance b/n the
fluoroscopic tube and the patient =

A

reduce patient dose

24
Q

Decrease distance of the
fluoroscopic tube and the tabletop =

A

increase patient dose = increase
magnification

25
but to maintain exposure to the image intensifier; BLANK must be increased to compensate for the increased distance (square law)
mA
26
SSD means
source- to-skin distance
27
ESD means
entrance skin dose or ESE (entrance skin exposure)
28
dose that exits the patient
Exit exposure dose
29
SSD must not be less than 38cm
Stationary fluoroscopes
30
SSD not less than 30 cm
Mobiles fluoroscopes-
31
Increase tube and tabletop distance =
increase mA
32
- serves as a primary protective barrier - thickness 2mmPb equivalent
Fluoroscopic IR (image Intensifier assembly)
33
Total filtration of the fluoroscope
At least 2.5mmAl
34
Included as part of filtration
1. Tabletop 2. Patient cradle
35
Operated at 80kVp- HVL should at least BLANK (for adequate filtration)
2.4mmAl
36
-unexposed borders should be visible at all heights above the tabletop - collimator shutters should track w/ height above the tabletop
For automatic collimating devices
37
fluoroscopic exposure switch, exposure is terminated when released the pedal
Dead man type
38
-conventional foot pedal -Pressure switch
Exposure Control
39
- Size: at least 0.25 mmPb equivalent - Position: b/n the fluoroscopy and the patient
Protective curtain/panel
40
produces audible signal/sound when the fluoroscopic time exceed 5 minutes
Cumulative time
41
record the total fluoroscopy beam on time for each examination
Assisting personnel

Radiation Protection (8 decks)

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