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ORAL PATH > LESSON 2 > Flashcards

LESSON 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Loss of tooth structure / degradative changes of tooth structure due to non-carious causes resulting in wear of tooth structure and loss of function

A

REGRESSIVE CHANGES

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2
Q

REGRESSIVE CHANGES IN ENAMEL

A

Attrition

Abrasion

Erosion

Abfraction

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3
Q

PHYSIOLOGIC wear of tooth due to tooth-to-tooth contact, mastication, or parafunction

A

ATTRITION

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4
Q

Appearance of small, polished facet on a cusp tip or ridge
or a slight flattening of an incisal edge

A

ATTRITION

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5
Q

People who like to constantly eat course or hard food that can cause the teeth to flatten out

Course foods: hard crunchy foods like chicharron

A

ATTRITION

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6
Q

ETIOLOGY OF ATTRITION

A

Diet

Age

Parafunctional occlusal forces

Contact with poorly polished ceramic restorations.

Accelerated by poor quality or absent enamel.

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7
Q

True or False

The older a person becomes; the more attrition is exhibited.

A

True

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8
Q

when the person is conscious, and they like to bite strongly on their teeth and they’re
not chewing. (Conscious: when they are stress)

A

Clenching will cause attrtion

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9
Q

when people grind. A condition wherein the person is not aware of (Unconscious:
sleeping)

A

Bruxism will cause attrition

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10
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Using hard bristles when toothbrushing for 2-3 mins can cause abrasion

A

True

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11
Q

V-shaped notches with sharply defined margins on the root side of the cementoenamel junction in teeth with some gingival recession

A

ABRASION

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12
Q

affects large areas and small polished facets at the cuspal tips

A

ATTRITION

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13
Q

Vigorous tooth brushing or flossing (and people who likes to use toothpicks)

Improper use of dental floss and toothpicks may produce
lesions on the proximal exposed root surface.

A

ABRASION

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14
Q

Habits of constant biting of hard objects

o Pen chewing/ biting.
o Habitual pipe smokers may develop notching of the teeth that conforms to the shape of the pipe stem.
o Bottle opening with teeth.
o Fingernail biting

A

ABRASION

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15
Q

loss of tooth structure due to mechanical reasons (root area)

A

ABRASION

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16
Q

Irreversible loss of tooth structure due to a chemical process (does not involve bacteria)

A

EROSION

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17
Q

Shallow, scooped-out (smooth) surfaces.

A

EROSION

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18
Q

Causes

Intrinsic:

Stomach acid reaching teeth
Obesity, Pregnancy
Excessive alcoholism
Eating disorder (bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa)

A

EROSION

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19
Q

Extrinsic:
o Occupational causes
People who work in factories.
Sometimes they are exposed to some chemicals. Chronically, can affect their teeth.

o Acidic foods and drinks (has low pH, high acidity)
 Citrus fruits
 Fruit juices

A

EROSION

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20
Q

a condition or erosion that affects the general lingual
surfaces of the teeth.

A

Perimolysis

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21
Q

loss of tooth structure both enamel and dentin or under the CEJ

A

Abfraction

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22
Q

True or false

PERIMOLYSIS’
- erosion at lingual surfaces due to intrinsic acid pH: 1-2)

A

True

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23
Q

• Deep, narrow, wedge-/ V-shaped only at cervical areas
• Subgingival

A

ABFRACTION

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24
Q

Abnormal biochemical (occlusal) stresses

o Swallowing, clenching, or cyclic
o Cervical lesion

A

ABFRACTION

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25
Q

MANAGEMENT OF ENAMEL REGRESSIVE CHANGES

A
  • Know the cause of loss of tooth structure
  • Immediate therapy for resolution of sensitivity and pain (desensitizers)
  • mouth guards
  • resto/prostho treatment
  • relax
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26
Q

the dentin formed when the tooth is still developing.

A

Primary dentin

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27
Q

REGRESSIVE CHANGES IN DENTIN

A

Primary dentin

Secondary dentin

Tertiary dentin

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28
Q

formed when the root is completely formed.

A

Secondary dentin

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29
Q

also called reparative dentin. There is a cause. (Dead tracts, Sclerotic dentin)

A

Tertiary dentin

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30
Q

occurs when fluid found inside dentinal tubules dry up

A

Dead tracts ( black)

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31
Q

occurs when dentin becomes hypermineralized

A

Sclerotic dentin ( white )

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32
Q

Where does dead tracts can be found?

A

Found in incisal and cuspal tip areas.

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33
Q

TRANSPARENT DENTIN

A

SCLEROTIC DENTIN

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34
Q

A regressive alteration in tooth substance that is characterized by calcification of the dentinal tubules.

A

SCLEROTIC DENTIN

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35
Q

Will appear as black because the dentinal tubules which is normally filled with dentinal fluid, is now empty of that dentinal fluid.

A

DEAD TRACTS

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36
Q

T/F

In SCLEROTIC DENTIN, Dentinal tubules is filled with increased amount of mineral structures or even around your odontoblastic processes

A

True

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37
Q

Result of injury or manifestation of the normal aging process

A

SCLEROTIC DENTIN

38
Q

True or false

The presence of dead tracts and sclerotic dentin is one reason why teeth that has attrition or abrasion will not have sensitivity because the areas are protected by these two areas especially the sclerotic dentin

A

True

39
Q

MECHANISMS FOR SCLEROTIC DENTIN

A
  1. Increased deposition of intratubular dentin
  2. Tubule occlusion by precipitated mineral (whitlockite)
    crystals
40
Q

Fat droplet depositionk

A

Fatty degeneration

41
Q

Earliest histology change that occurs int e pulp
tissue

A

Fatty degeneration

42
Q

Just like in vacuolization but you have an increase in intercellular fluid but this time, because of _____________ the fibers in your pulp will look like as if they’re knitted.

A

Reticular atrophy

43
Q

thickening or increase in number

A

Pulpal Fibrosis

44
Q

REGRESSIVE CHANGES IN THE PULP

A
  1. Fatty degeneration
  2. Vacuolization of Odontoblastic layer
  3. Reticular atrophy
  4. Pulpal Fibrosis
  5. Denticles/ Pulp Stone
45
Q

Hardened or mineralized structures found within your pulp area

A

PULP STONE / DENTICLES

46
Q

Why are they called denticles?

A

Their structure on a cross section can resemble your
dentinal structure.

47
Q

o In cross section resembles dentin
o Since these are mineralized structures, it appears
radiopaque or white in radiographs.

A

True denticle

48
Q

Doesn’t resemble dentin.

A

False denticle

49
Q

Found free located in the pulp tissue.

A

Free

50
Q

Part of it is in the pulp tissue, part of it is in the
dentin surface

A

Attached

51
Q

Completely found in dentin

A

Embedded

52
Q

o Round in structure or circular
o Can be found anywhere.

A

Nodular

53
Q

o Irregular in shape
o Can be found anywhere.

A

Amorphous

54
Q

o Elongated or fibrous in form
o Usually found in root canal area

A

Diffuse or fibrillar

55
Q

The increase or thickening of cementum

A

HYPERCEMENTOSIS

56
Q

Conditions ex. Paget’s disease

A

HYPERCEMENTOSIS

57
Q

ETIOLOGY:
• Accelerated tooth elongation.
• Periapical inflammation
• Tooth repair in trauma
• Conditions ex. Paget’s disease

A

HYPERCEMENTOSIS

58
Q

True or false
CEMENTICLES
• Can be free, embedded or attached.

A

True

59
Q

Breakdown or destruction and loss of root structure of a tooth

A

ROOT RESORPTION

60
Q

Is one condition that can be seen clinically because the tooth will appear pink.

A

INTERNAL RESORPTION

61
Q

Sometimes called pink tooth of Mummery.

A

INTERNAL RESORPTION

62
Q

Pink hue because of increase granulation of tissue within
the chamber or the root

A

INTERNAL RESORPTION

63
Q

True or false

INTERNAL RESORPTION

Needs to undergo root canal treatment

A

True

64
Q

Etiology
• Pulpal inflammation
• Periodontal infection
• Pressure from orthodontic movement, impacted tooth, or
tumors.
• Traumatic injuries
• Presence of cementicles on root surface

A

EXTERNAL RESORPTION

65
Q

increase of intracellular liquid

A

Vacuolization of Odontoblastic Layer

66
Q
  • occurs with time due to aging
A

Pulp Fibrosis

67
Q
  • difficulty in root canal treatment but not a cause for alarm
A

Denticles/Pulp Stones

68
Q

calcific structures forming inside PDL space

( no clinical sognificance unless exposed to oral environment w/c can cause accumulation of dental plaque leading to cavities/periodontal disease)

A

CEMENTICLES

69
Q

loss of root structure starts inside of tooth (dentin)

A

INTERNAL RESORPTION

70
Q

loss of root structure starts outside of tooth (cementum)

A

EXTERNAL RESORPTION

71
Q

-anything with excessive outside force may cause this
- needs to undego tooth extraction

A

EXTERNAL RESORPTION

72
Q

Severe jarring of a tooth with a contusion of the periodontal ligament

A

CONCUSSION

73
Q

• Simplest form of traumatic injuries
• The structures are still in place, but they are jilted from their
normal position.
• In the apical part you have a radiolucency

A

CONCUSSION

74
Q

A TRAUMATIC INJURIES with no change in tooth position and no gingival bleeding

A

CONCUSSION

75
Q
  • dislocation of tooth from sockets
  • presence of sensitivity to percussion, increased mobility but no displacement
A

LUXATION

76
Q

“Loosen”

A

LUXATION

77
Q
  • break in the continuity of dental hard tissues
  • will appear greyish or radioluscent
A

FRACTURE

78
Q

(root has severe abrupt curves along the root)
- deformity of tooth characterized by a sharp bend at the neck or root part of the tooth
- happens when developing tooth undergo some form of traume during developing stage

A

Dilaceration

79
Q
  • forceful displacement of a tooth from the socket
A

Avulsion

80
Q

True or false

Avulsed teeth depending on the time can not be returned to
the socket

A

False

Avulsed teeth depending on the time can still be returned to
the socket

81
Q

A SUPERNUMERARY TOOTH

extra tooth between maxillary central incisors

A

Mesiodens

82
Q

SUPERNUMERARY TOOTH

extra tooth found elsewhere than in the midline of the arch

A

Peridens

83
Q

SUPERNUMERARY TOOTH

extra teeth distal to 3rd molars

A

Distomolar

84
Q

extra teeth on the buccal or lingual side of the maxillary molar

A

Paramolar

85
Q

all teeth are missing, may involve both deciduous and permanent dentition

A

Total Anodontia

86
Q

occurs as a result of extraction of all teeth

A

False Anodontia

87
Q

sometimes applied to multiple unerupted teeth

A

Pseudoanodontia

88
Q

common in central or lateral incisors; usually central incisors with a notch on the incisal edge

A

Hutchinson’s Teeth

89
Q

usually found on the upper central incisors on the lingual side; these are over-developed cingulum

A

Talon’s Cusps

90
Q

crossing the line of occlusion

A

Supraversion

ORAL PATH (15 decks)

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