LESSON 11: LIPIDS

Question 1

It contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but, compared with carbohydrates, have less oxygen in proportion to carbon and hydrogen

Answer 1

LIPIDS

Question 2

• Neutral lipids
• Triglycerides
• Glycerol
• Triacylglycerols

Answer 2

SIMPLE LIPIDS

Question 3

MAJOR FORM of FAT in DIET & MAJOR STORAGE form of fat in body

Answer 3

Triacylglycerols

Question 4

glycerol base with 3 FA attached

Answer 4

Triglycerides

Question 5

derived from a WATER SOLUBLE FORM OF CARBOHYDRATE; an alcohol composed of 3-carbon chain which can serve as the backbone of a triglyceride

Answer 5

GLYCEROL

Question 6

Various COMBINATIONS OF NEUTRAL FATS with other components

Answer 6

COMPOUND

Question 7

with phosphoric acid and nitrogenous base; egg yolk & liver are
good sources

Answer 7

Phospoholipid

Question 8

most widely distributed of the phospholipids

Answer 8

Lecithin

Question 9

needed to form thromboplastin for the blood clotting process

Answer 9

CEPHALIN

Question 10

found in brain & other nerve tissue as a component of myelin sheath

Answer 10

Sphingomyelin

Question 11

Fatty acid, nitrogen and carbohydrate

Answer 11

Glycolipid

Question 12

Complexes of lipid and protein

Answer 12

Lipoprotein

Question 13

✓ Formed primarily in liver, insoluble in water and contain cholesterol, neutral fat and fatty acids

Answer 13

LIPOPROTEIN

Question 14

Obtained by hydrolysis or enzymatic breakdown of simple & compound lipids/derivatives of fat digestion

Answer 14

Derived

Question 15

• SFA
• MUFA
• PUFA

Answer 15

Degree of saturation

Question 16

• Short chain
• Medium chain
• Long chain

Answer 16

CHAIN LENGTH

Question 17

• Linoleic (om 6)
• Linolenic (om3)

Answer 17

Essentiality

Question 18

lipid substances that contain sterols

Answer 18

STEROIDS

Question 19

COMPLEX FAT-LIKE compound found in body tissues, brain & nerve tissues, bile, blood, liver, where most cholesterol is synthesized;

Answer 19

CHOLESTEROL

Question 20

“good” cholesterol

Answer 20

(HDL) high-density lipoproteins

Question 21

“bad” cholesterol

Answer 21

(LDL) low-density lipoproteins

Question 22

Children do not synthesize cholesterol in the body

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

– FA with ONE DOUBLE BOND; OLEIC ACID is most abundant; olive & peanut oils

Answer 23

(MUFA) Monounsaturated Fatty Acids

Question 24

FA with 2 or MORE DOUBLE BOND; LINOLEIC ACID is most common; vegetable oils

Answer 24

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa)

Question 25

Components of NERVE TISSUE & certain CELL MEMBRANES where they play a VITAL ROLE in FAT TRANSPORT

Answer 25

CEREBROCIDES

Question 26

MADE UP of certain GLUCOSE, GALACTOSE & a complex compound containing amino sugar

Answer 26

Gangliosides

Question 27

Carbohydrate-containing lipids

Answer 27

MUCOLIPIDS

Question 28

WATER-SOLUBLE COMPONENT of triglycerides-glycerol component can enter the glycolysis path

Answer 28

GLYCEROL

Question 29

Types of hydrogenation

Answer 29

PARTIAL AND COMPLETE

Question 30

FOOD SOURCES

Answer 30

• Vegetable oils
• Animal fats

Question 31

2 Health Effects

Answer 31

• Cancer - carcinogenesis
• CVD - oxidation and hypercholesterolemia

Question 32

It – easily becomes rancid/”oxidized” – exposed to oxygen → undergoes hydrogenation

Answer 32

STABILITY

Question 33

A fatty acid with no double bonds
EX: palmitic & stearic acids found in animal fats, butter, cheese, coconut oil and chocolate

Answer 33

SATURATED FATTY ACID