LESSON 1: THE PHILIPPINES IN 19TH CENTURY AS RIZAL CONTEXT

Question 1

• crops cultivated for export

Answer 1

Cash Crops

Question 2

From 1565-1815, this was the form
of trade between the Philippines and Mexico.

The galleons would sail to Mexico loaded with goods and return to the Philippines carrying the payment in
silver

Answer 2

Galleon Trade -

Question 3

is when a specific person or enterprise
is the only supplier of a particular commodity

Answer 3

Monopoly

Question 4

Spaniards eventual closure of Manila’s ports to all other countries
except Mexico set off the Manila-Acapulco Trade better known as the

Answer 4

Galleon Trade.

Question 5

Galleon trade served as an for the Spaniards in Manila.

Answer 5

economic lifeline

Question 6

was a government monopoly of two trading ships.

Answer 6

Galleon Trade

Question 7

• Products were sent to Mexico.

Answer 7

mangoes, tamarind, rice, carabao, textiles, precious stones, tuba

Question 8

products sent back to the Philippines

Answer 8

flora and fauna such as
guava, avocado, papaya, etc.

Question 9

opened in 1869, providing a convenient maritime route for Spanish trading between the Philippines and Egypt,

Answer 9

The Suez Canal

Question 9

Before the arrival of the Spaniards, the Philippines was already
exchanging goods with neighboring countries like

Answer 9

Cambodia, China, Japan,
Siam, Moluccas, Borneo, and India.

Question 10

suez canal facilitated by an agreement between

Answer 10

French diplomat Ferdinand de Lesseps and
Egyptian governor Ottoman.

Question 11

Construction of the canal began in

Answer 11

1859

Question 12

After seven years of major upgrades, the Suez Canal—which was initially
used by (how many ships?) —became one of the most highly used
marine systems worldwide.

Answer 12

less than 500 ships

Question 13

Before the opening of Suez Canal: Mexico has banned trade with
neighboring countries and will take approximately ( how many days?) to
reach the Philippines from Mexico.

Answer 13

60 days

Question 14

After the opening of Suez Canal: The process facilitated direct
commercial relations with neighboring countries, reducing travel
times from (how many days?)

Answer 14

32 to 40 days

Question 15

the most controversial and oppressive to locals

Answer 15

tobacco
monopoly.

Question 16

The Spaniards opened new ports to foreign trade during 1855-1873
including

Answer 16

Iloilo, Zamboanga, Cebu, and Legaspi.

Question 17

 The first governor-general established the ______? to reorient the Philippines’ economy, finance agricultural projects, and
manage new trade with Spain, Europe, and other Asian markets

Answer 17

Royal Philippine Company

Question 18

placed the Philippine tobacco industry under government control to increase government revenues.

Answer 18

Governor-General Jose Basco

Question 19

the tobacco monopoly was abolished in (when?)

Answer 19

1882 after 100 years of establishment

Question 20

The Philippines has had trade ties with the (who) since precolonial times.

Answer 20

Chinese

Question 21

In the 19th century economy, chinese mestizos played vital roles
in:

Answer 21

Purchasing land.
* Accumulating wealth.
* Gaining influence.

Question 22

They were an important element of Philippine society in the 19TH century.

Answer 22

Chinese mestizos

Question 23

During the American regime, many members of the _____ were also Chinese mestizos.

Answer 23

Philippine National Assembly

Question 23

Their growing affluence allowed them to establish the _________________
creating a legally distinct class.

Answer 23

Gremio Mestizo de Sangley

Question 23

As the offspring of Chinese
immigrants and local Filipinos, they became a bridge between cultures,
contributing to various aspects of Filipino life:

Answer 23

• Economic Influence
• Cultural Exchange
• Education and Reform
• Political Engagement
• Social Status