LESSON 1: THE PHILIPPINES IN 19TH CENTURY AS RIZAL CONTEXT Flashcards
- crops cultivated for export
Cash Crops
From 1565-1815, this was the form
of trade between the Philippines and Mexico.
The galleons would sail to Mexico loaded with goods and return to the Philippines carrying the payment in
silver
Galleon Trade -
is when a specific person or enterprise
is the only supplier of a particular commodity
Monopoly
Spaniards eventual closure of Manila’s ports to all other countries
except Mexico set off the Manila-Acapulco Trade better known as the
Galleon Trade.
Galleon trade served as an for the Spaniards in Manila.
economic lifeline
was a government monopoly of two trading ships.
Galleon Trade
- Products were sent to Mexico.
mangoes, tamarind, rice, carabao, textiles, precious stones, tuba
products sent back to the Philippines
flora and fauna such as
guava, avocado, papaya, etc.
opened in 1869, providing a convenient maritime route for Spanish trading between the Philippines and Egypt,
The Suez Canal
Before the arrival of the Spaniards, the Philippines was already
exchanging goods with neighboring countries like
Cambodia, China, Japan,
Siam, Moluccas, Borneo, and India.
suez canal facilitated by an agreement between
French diplomat Ferdinand de Lesseps and
Egyptian governor Ottoman.
Construction of the canal began in
1859
After seven years of major upgrades, the Suez Canal—which was initially
used by (how many ships?) —became one of the most highly used
marine systems worldwide.
less than 500 ships
Before the opening of Suez Canal: Mexico has banned trade with
neighboring countries and will take approximately ( how many days?) to
reach the Philippines from Mexico.
60 days
After the opening of Suez Canal: The process facilitated direct
commercial relations with neighboring countries, reducing travel
times from (how many days?)
32 to 40 days
the most controversial and oppressive to locals
tobacco
monopoly.
The Spaniards opened new ports to foreign trade during 1855-1873
including
Iloilo, Zamboanga, Cebu, and Legaspi.
The first governor-general established the ______? to reorient the Philippines’ economy, finance agricultural projects, and
manage new trade with Spain, Europe, and other Asian markets
Royal Philippine Company
placed the Philippine tobacco industry under government control to increase government revenues.
Governor-General Jose Basco
the tobacco monopoly was abolished in (when?)
1882 after 100 years of establishment
The Philippines has had trade ties with the (who) since precolonial times.
Chinese
In the 19th century economy, chinese mestizos played vital roles
in:
Purchasing land.
* Accumulating wealth.
* Gaining influence.
They were an important element of Philippine society in the 19TH century.
Chinese mestizos
During the American regime, many members of the _____ were also Chinese mestizos.
Philippine National Assembly
Their growing affluence allowed them to establish the _________________
creating a legally distinct class.
Gremio Mestizo de Sangley
As the offspring of Chinese
immigrants and local Filipinos, they became a bridge between cultures,
contributing to various aspects of Filipino life:
- Economic Influence
- Cultural Exchange
- Education and Reform
- Political Engagement
- Social Status
