Lesson 1 Introduction To Biochem In Nursing

Question 1

is the chemistry of biological systems

Answer 1

Biochemistry

Question 2

lifeless but they compose living things

Answer 2

Molecules

Question 3

Building blocks are called

Answer 3

Monomer

Question 4

Macromolecule are called

Answer 4

Polymer

Question 5

Solar energy is transferred into

Answer 5

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)

Question 6

What elements are biomolecules composed of?

Answer 6

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur
-make up >97% of the weight of most organisms
-form stable covalent bonds

Question 7

major component of cells

Answer 7

Water

Question 8

more abundant in living organisms than it is in the rest of the
universe

Answer 8

Carbon

Question 9

six abundant elements

Answer 9

CHNOPS

Question 10

Why is carbon so predominant in living systems?

Answer 10

because of the ability of carbon atoms to bond together to form long chains and rings

Question 11

The composition of carbon atom

Answer 11

Nucleus has 6 protons and 6 electrons
2 she’ll layer that has 6 electrons

Question 12

Carbon can form immensely diverse compounds, from simple to complex.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

react chemically to produce biomolecules such as amino acids, sugars (monosaccharides), nucleic acids, fatty acids, glycerol.

Answer 13

Precursors or metabolites (H O, CO , NO -, NH + 2234
and N2)

Question 14

These biomolecules are building blocks or monomers for the formation of the polymers which are

Answer 14

macromolecules

Question 15

Macromolecules are assembled into

Answer 15

supramolecular complexes

Question 16

is the set of chemical reactions that happen in living organisms to maintain life.

Answer 16

Metabolism

Question 17

• do not have a membrane-bound nucleus or other organelles

Answer 17

Prokaryotes

Question 18

2 classes or lineages of prokaryotes

Answer 18

eubacteria and archaea (thermoacidophiles, halophiles and methanogens)

Question 19

● - possess nucleus and other organelles

Answer 19

Eukaryotes

Question 20

e.g Enzyme complexes, ribosomes,chromosomes

Answer 20

Supramolecular Complexes

Question 21

Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids, DNA, RNA

Answer 21

Macromolecules

Question 22

(Building Blocks) Amino acids, Sugars, Fatty acids, Glycerol, Nucleic acids

Answer 22

Biomolecules

Question 23

Pyruvate,citrate, succinate, Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Answer 23

Metabolites

Question 24

H O, CO , NH +, NO - and N

Answer 24

Precursors

Question 25

Example of Linear aliphatic

Answer 25

Stearic acid

Question 26

Example of Linear aliphatic

Answer 26

Stearic acid

Question 27

Example of Cyclic

Answer 27

Cholesterol

Question 28

3 examples of carbon Biomolecules

Answer 28

1. Linear aliphatic 2. Cyclic E. Branched

Question 29

3 examples of carbon Biomolecules

Answer 29

1. Linear aliphatic 2. Cyclic E. Branched

Question 30

What are the 4 covalent forces

Answer 30

1. Electrostatic forces 2. Hydrogen bonds 3. Van deer Waals Forces 4.Hydrophobic Forces

Question 31

Attraction between opposite charges

Answer 31

Electrostatic forces

Question 32

Hydrogen shared between electronegative atoms

Answer 32

Hydrogen bonds

Question 33

Fluctuations in electron clouds around molecules oppositely polarize neighboring atoms

Answer 33

Van der Waals forces

Question 34

Interact unfavorably with water

Answer 34

Hydrophobic forces