Lesson 1- Electronegativity, Intermolecular Forces, and Water Flashcards
What is Electronegativity?
The measure of an atom’s attraction to the shared pair of valence electrons in a bond.
Hydrogen Bonds
Very strong dipole-dipole force formed between H atoms and neighbouring N, O, F atoms. Crucial to the function of cells and cellular processes (water, Dna, proteins).
How does EN result in intermolecular forces?
The difference in EN provides the type of bond (NP, P, or I). This difference results in an intermolecular force.
Dipole-Dipole Bonds
Formed between the slightly positive and slightly negative sides of polar molecules.
Low EN
Element will develop a slightly positive charge.
High EN
Element will develop a slightly negative charge.
Intramolecular Bonds
Hold the atoms in a molecule together.
Intermolecular Forces
Forces that exist between molecules (LF, DD, HB).
How is water influenced by intermolecular forces?
Water is a polar molecule and can form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules (cohesion) or other polar molecules (adhesion). The oxygen is slighty negative and the hydrogens are slightly positive.
Imporantance of water
temperature regulation, moisture, lubrication, chemical reactions, diffusion/osmosis, and a solvent.
Hydrophillic
Polar molecules attracted the water.
Hydrophobic
Non-Polar molecules not attracted to water.
Waters high heat capacity
4.18J/g C
Water lowest density
4 C
