Lesson 1

Question 1

Androcentrism

Answer 1

The idea that men are somehow the standard version of humankind and that women are a variant of man

Question 2

Feminism

Answer 2

The belief that women and men are equally valuable and deserve equal treatment

Question 3

First wave of the women’s movement in the US

Answer 3

Begin with the Seneca Falls convention in 1848
Planned by five women who were part of the movement to end slavery
A Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions was announced and put forth the idea that women should vote and 100 people signed
Frederick Douglass is credited with convincing the crowd to support the women’s right to vote
The 19th amendment was passed in 1920

Question 4

The 19th amendment

Answer 4

Granted women the right to vote

Question 5

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Answer 5

Author of the declaration of sentiments presented at the Seneca Falls convention
Argued for suffrage, fair pay, property rights, and for the equitable treatment of women in divorce

Question 6

Sojourner Truth

Answer 6

Abolitionist and early feminist

Question 7

Susan B Anthony

Answer 7

Active in the women’s suffrage movement and the abolition movement

Question 8

Bessie Coleman

Answer 8

First female African-American pilot

Question 9

Second wave of the women’s movement

Answer 9

Began in the 1960s
Birth control pills became available in 1960
In 1973 the Supreme Court ruled that abortion is legal
Also the time of the sexual revolution
The civil rights act was passed in 1964
The national organization for women was founded in 1966

Question 10

The sexual revolution

Answer 10

Notion that women could want and enjoy sex

Question 11

Civil rights act of 1964

Answer 11

Prohibited employers from discriminating against employees or potential employees based on gender

Question 12

The third wave of the women’s movement

Answer 12

Many women have disowned the term “feminism” and distanced themselves from the women’s movement
Many people believe that feminism is no longer relevant
Focus on discrimination in the workplace, sexual harassment, and rape.

Question 13

Sexism

Answer 13

Discrimination or prejudice against people because of their gender
Includes both men and women that is more common for women to be targeted
Several types

Question 14

Hostile sexism

Answer 14

The most overt type and refers to belief that men are superior to women and that women are a threat to society as a whole

Question 15

Benevolent sexism

Answer 15

Refers to beliefs about women that seem positive on the surface but on a deeper level they serve to justify the second class status of women
Related to positive attitudes toward women who fit very traditional gender roles

Question 16

Ambivalent sexism

Answer 16

Refers to the existence of hostile and benevolent sexism beliefs in the same person

Question 17

Neosexism

Answer 17

Modern sexism; a more subtle form of sexism based on the belief that women have already achieved equality and that women who say otherwise are whining or trying to gain unfair advantage

Question 18

Denial of personal discrimination

Answer 18

Women acknowledge that sexism exists but many deny experiencing it themselves

Question 19

Legitimizing myths

Answer 19

Attitudes or beliefs that are used to maintain the status of non-dominant groups
Propagated through popular culture, religious stories, mythology, and symbolism

Question 20

Paternalistic prejudice

Answer 20

The belief that women need to be helped and protected by men

Question 21

Experimental research

Answer 21

Uses experiments where one variable is manipulated and it’s effects on another variable are measured

Question 22

Hypothesis

Answer 22

Prediction about the relationship between variables

Question 23

Statistical significance

Answer 23

Means that there is a low probability of getting that result by chance alone
Not impossible though
Shows a relationship but does not tell us that it is important

Question 24

Clinical significance

Answer 24

Refers to findings that are meaningful or important
Generally a result should be statistically significant in order to be considered clinically significant, but not always the case

Question 25

Correlational research

Answer 25

Examines existing relationships
No variables are manipulated or changed by researchers
Most surveys

Question 26

Correlation coefficient

Answer 26

Tells us the degree to which two variables vary with each other
Ranges from negative one to one
Does not imply causation

Question 27

Penis envy

Answer 27

Sigmund Freud’s notion; one of the most famous sex biased theoretical models
Suggested that when young girls discover that they do not have a penis they blame mothers for castrating and the anger leads them to fall in love with their fathers
Biased theories can lead to biased hypotheses and biased research questions