Lesson 1 Flashcards
Definition of Counseling (American Counseling Association/ACA)
The ๐ฎ๐ฝ๐ฝ๐น๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป of mental health, psychological or human development principles, through cognitive, affective, behavioral or systemic interventions, strategies that address wellness, personal growth, or career development, as well as pathology
Definition of Counseling (Patterson)
Counseling is a ๐ฉ๐ซ๐จ๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐๐ฅ ๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ฉ established voluntarily by an individual who feels the need of psychological help, with a person trained to provide help.
Definition of Counseling (Williamson)
It is helping people to learn how to solve their own problems.
Definition of Counseling (Rogers)
A ๐ฌ๐ญ๐ซ๐ฎ๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐๐ ๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ฉ which allows the client to gain an understanding of himself to a degree of taking positive steps in the light of his new orientation
3 Guidance Goals
- self-understanding
- self-reliance
- self-direction
Counseling is considered as the?
heart of guidance programs
7 Goals of Counseling
- Generic Goals
- Developmental Goals
- Preventive Goals
- Enhancement Goals
- Exploratory Goals
- Remedial Goals
- Reinforcement goals
Generic Goals
Can be targeted to everyone depending upon the stage at which the individual has encountered
Developmental Goals
When clients are assisted in preparing for their anticipated growth and development in the physical, emotional, social, cognitive and spiritual dimensions.
Preventive Goals
When clients are helped to avoid experiencing undesired outcomes
Enhancement Goals
when clients encountered need is to be helped to identify, recognize and enhance unused and underused talents, skills and abilities
Exploratory Goals
When clients do not believe they have an existing problem but can benefit from examining options, testing skills and trying new and different activities, environments, relationships etc.
Remedial Goals
Clients are assisted to overcome or solve an already existing concern
Reinforcement Goals
When clients are already taking action for resolving their concerns or already have planned a course of action when they come for counseling
Human Dimensional Goals
- Cognitive Goals
- Psychological Goals
- Physiological Goals
Cognitive Goals
Refer to the development of the intellect
Psychological Goals
Refer to the development of good intraโ (self) and interpersonal skills
Physiological Goals
Refer to the development of basic understanding and habits for good health (diet and fitness)
Scope of Counseling
- Individual Counseling
- Group Counseling
- Multiple Counseling
Individual Counseling
Interaction is between two (2) people only: the client and the counselor
Group Counseling
Involves several persons with similar concerns and desired common goals with one counselor
Ideally maximum of 10 individuals
Multiple Counseling
Involves more than one counselor which handles the individual, a couple or a group (family)
Two types of Multiple Counseling
- Couple Counseling
- Family Counseling
Scope of Counseling Acc. to Areas Covered
- Academic/Educational
- Vocational/Occupational/Career
- Personal/Social
Academic/Educational
focuses mainly on school and academic concerns: school selection; school entry, school adjustment; and school maintenance.
Vocational/Occupational/Career
focuses mainly on the selection of or the proper preparation for the world of work
Personal/Social
usually focuses on the interpersonal and intrapersonal growth of a person and can be extended to any one at any age
Core Values
- ๐๐ป๐ต๐ฎ๐ป๐ฐ๐ถ๐ป๐ด human development throughout the lifespan;
- ๐๐ผ๐ป๐ผ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ป๐ด diversity and embracing a multicultural approach in support of the worth, dignity, potential, and uniqueness of people within their social and cultural contexts
- ๐ฃ๐ฟ๐ผ๐บ๐ผ๐๐ถ๐ป๐ด social justice
- ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ด๐๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ฑ๐ถ๐ป๐ด the integrity of the counselor-client relationship
- ๐ฃ๐ฟ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐๐ถ๐ฐ๐ถ๐ป๐ด in a competent and ethical manner.
Principles of Counseling
- Each client must be accepted as an individual and dealt with as such
- Counseling is basically a permissive relationship; that is, the individual has permission to say what they please without being reprimanded or judged
- Counseling emphasizes thinking with, not for the individual
- All decision-making rests on the client
- Counseling is centered on the difficulties of the client.
- Counseling is a learning situation which eventually results in a behavioral change.
- Effectiveness in counseling depends largely on the readiness of the client to make changes and the therapeutic relationship with the counselor.
- The counseling relationship is confidential
Roles of Counselors
- As Counselor
- As Coordinator
- As Consultant
- As Conductor of Activities
- As Change Agent
Counseling Skills needed to facilitate change;
- recognizing needs
- analyzing problems
- setting goals
- obtaining needed resources
- generating and evaluating solutions
Functions of Counselors
- Screening
- Intake
- Orientation
- Assessment
- Treatment Planning
- Counselling (Individual, Group and Significant Others)
- Case Management
- Crisis Intervention
- Client Education
- Referral
- Reporting and Record Keeping
- Consultation with Other Professionals in Regard to Client Treatment/Services
Screening
process by which the client is determined appropriate and eligible for admission to a particular program
Intake
administrative and initial assessment procedures for admission to a program
Orientation
describing to the client the following: general nature and goals of the program
Assessment
procedures by which a counselor/program identifies and evaluates an individualโs strengths, weaknesses, problems and needs for the development of a treatment plan
Treatment Planning
process by which the counselor and the clientโฆ
- identify and rank problems needing resolution
- establish agreed upon immediate and long-term goals
- decide upon a treatment process and the resources to be utilized
Counselling (Individual, Group, and Significant Others)
utilization of special skills to assist individuals, families or groups in achieving objectives
Case Management
may involve liaison activities and collateral contacts
Crisis Intervention
services that respond to an alcohol and/or drug abuserโs needs during acute emotional and/or physical distress
Client Education
involves the provision of information to individuals and groups concerning alcohol and other drug abuse and the available services and resources.
Referral
process of identifying the needs of a client that cannot be met by the counselor or agency and assisting the client to utilize the support systems and avail the services
Reporting and Record Keeping
involves charting the results of the assessment and treatment plan, writing reports, progress notes, discharge summaries and other client-related data
Consultation with Other Professionals in Regard to Client Treatment/Services
involves relating with in-house staff or outside professionals to assure comprehensive, quality care for the client
As Counselor
aims to help people overcome obstacles to their personal and educational/professional growth towards maximum devโt of potential
As Coordinator
identify and organize task to be done to facilitate guidance activities
As Consultant
assist others to solve problems by suggesting interventions w/o direct contact with client
As Conductor of Activities
carefully plans and conduct guidance activities that may promote positive movement in life
As Change Agent
involve in the process of organizational change
Competencies of Counselors
- The possession and demonstration of exemplary counseling and communication skills, reporting and record keeping
- The ability to understand and promote client/student development and achievement
- The ability to facilitate transitions and counsel clients/students toward the realization of their full career/educational potential
- The ability to recognize, appreciate, and serve cultural differences and the special needs of students and families
- The demonstration of Appropriate Ethical Behavior and Professional Conduct in the fulfillment of Roles and Responsibilities
- The ability to develop, collect, analyze, and interpret data
- The demonstration of advocacy and leadership in advancing the concerns of clients/students
- The ability to organize and support Admission Counseling Program
Areas of Specialization for Counselors
- School Counseling
- Career Counseling
- Marriage & Family Counseling
- Child Abuse Counseling
- Army Mental Health Counseling
- Domestic Violence Counseling
- Depression Counseling
- Rehabilitation Counseling
- Mental Health Counseling
- Pastoral Counseling
- Community Mental Health Counseling
- Conflict Resolution Counseling
- Substance Abuse Counseling
- Suicide Intervention Counseling
- Geriatric Counseling
- Grief Counseling
Career Opportunities for Counselors (Work)
- Mental Health Facilities
- Educational Systems
- Rehabilitation Facilities
- Psychological Resources Centers
- Career Centers
- Correctional / Prison Facilities
- Business Organizations
- Industrial Organizations
- Military Facilities
- Geriatric Facilities
- Pastoral Counseling
- Religious Institutions
- Social Services Centers
- Law Enforcement Organizations
- Legal / Forensic Centers
- Non-profit /NGOs
