LESSON 1

Question 1

term “ethics” comes from the Greek word “_________” meaning “_______” or “___________” used in the works of Aristotle while the term “moral” is the Latin equivalent.

Answer 1

ethos; custom, character

Question 2

Ethics is a branch of philosophy that studies the _______________ of human action.

Answer 2

rightness or wrongness

Question 3

In this particular branch of philosophy it is concerned with; how do human persons ought to act, and the search for the definition what is right conduct and a good life.

Answer 3

Ethics

Question 4

Based on the Greek and Latin etymology of the word “ethics”, ethics deals with

Answer 4

Morality

Question 5

in the Greek Tradition- ethics was conceived relating to the concept of “__________”.

Answer 5

good life

Question 6

Thus, the ethical inquiry during this time was directed towards discovering the nature of happiness. In fact, _______________-does not only presents a theory of happiness but also provides ways in which happiness is attained.

Answer 6

Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics

Question 7

It is also important to note that Ethics is not the same as Morality.

Answer 7

Although, many philosophers believe that the two concepts can be used interchangeably. This is because the former denotes the theory of right action and greater good while the latter indicate practice that is the rightness or wrongness of human action

Question 8

theory of right action and greater good

Answer 8

Ethics

Question 9

systematic study of underlying principles of morality

Answer 9

ethics

Question 10

practice, rightness or wrongness of human action

Answer 10

morality

Question 11

tells us what we ought to do

Answer 11

morality

Question 12

exhorts us to follow the right way

Answer 12

morality

Question 13

science of morals

Answer 13

ethics

Question 14

practice of ethics

Answer 14

morality

Question 15

Ethics is a study of the morality of ________________, what makes an act obligatory and what makes a person accountable.

Answer 15

human acts and moral agents

Question 16

adjective describing a human act as either ethically right or wrong, or qualifying a person, personality, character, as either ethically good or bad.

Answer 16

Moral

Question 17

examples of moral standards

Answer 17

“Stealing is wrong.”
“Killing is wrong.”
“Telling lies is wrong.”
“Adultery is wrong”

Question 18

are norms or prescriptions that serve as the frameworks for determining what ought to be done or what is right or wrong action, what is good or bad character.

Answer 18

moral standards

Question 19

Moral standards are either

Answer 19

consequences standards or non-consequence standards

Question 20

depends on results, outcome

Answer 20

The consequence standards

Question 21

example of consequence standards

Answer 21

Stuart Mill’s utilitarianism

Question 22

example of non-consequence standards

Answer 22

Aristotle’s virtue, St. Thomas’ natural law, or Immanuel Kant’s good will or sense of duty

Question 23

An act that results in the general welfare, in the greatest good of the greatest number is therefore

Answer 23

moral

Question 24

To take part in a project that results in the improvement of the majority of people is, therefore

Answer 24

moral

Question 25

are based on the natural law

Answer 25

non-consequence standard

Question 26

is the law of God revealed through human reason

Answer 26

natural law

Question 27

law of God written in the hearts of men

Answer 27

non-consequence standard

Question 28

are social rules, demands of etiquette and good manners. They are guides of action which should be followed as expected by society.

Answer 28

non-moral standards

Question 29

Sometimes they may not be followed or some people may not follow them

Answer 29

non-moral standards

Question 30

An indicator whether or not a standard is moral or non-moral lies in _________ as distinguished from its non-compliance.

Answer 30

compliance

Question 31

Non-compliance with moral standards causes a _________, while non-compliance with a non-moral standard may only cause ___________________.

Answer 31

sense of guilt; shame or embarrassment

Question 32

standard states that an act is right or wrong depending on the consequences of the act, that is, the good that is produced in the world

Answer 32

consequence standard

Question 33

holds that the rightness or wrongness of an action or rule depends on sense of duty, natural law, virtue and the demand of the situation or circumstances. The rightness or wrongness of an action does not only depend or rely on the consequence of that action or following that rule.

Answer 33

not-only-consequence standard (deontological)

Question 34

Consequence (__________, from tele which means end, result, or consequence)

Answer 34

teleological

Question 35

IS A “DECISION MAKING PROBLEM BETWEEN TWO POSSIBLE MORAL IMPERATIVES, NEITHER OF WHICH IS UNAMBIGOUSLY ACCEPTABLE OR PREFERABLE

Answer 35

MORAL DILEMMAS

Question 36

IS A SITUATION WHERE A PERSON HAS THE MORAL OBLIGATION TO CHOOSE BETWEEN TWO OPTIONS BOTH BASED ON MORAL STANDARDS, BUT HE/SHE CANNOT CHOOSE BOTH, AND CHOOSING ONE MEANS VIOLATING THE OTHER.

Answer 36

MORAL DILEMMA

Question 37

ARE SITUATIONS WHERE THE DECISION-MAKER HAS A MORAL DUTY TO DO ONE THING, BUT IS TEMPTED OR UNDER PRESSURE TO DO SOMETHING ELSE.

Answer 37

FALSE DILEMMA

Question 38

IS A CHOICE BETWEEN A RIGHT AND A WRONG UNLIKE MORAL DILEMMAS WHERE BOTH CHOICES ARE WRONG .

Answer 38

FALSE DILEMMA

Question 39

3 LEVELS OF MORAL DILEMMAS

Answer 39

INDIVIDUAL
ORGANIZATIONAL
STRUCTURAL