LESSON 1

Question 1

a branch of psychology that attempts to explain the development of humans over time, both in the micro sense- as they develop from babies to mature adults, & in the macro sense- as the culture itself evolves through the years & decades

Answer 1

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

Question 2

the scientific study of how & why humans grow, change, & adapt across the course of their lives; concerned w/ infants ,children, adolescence, adult, & aging

Answer 2

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

Question 3

aim to explain how thinking, feeling, & behaviors change throughout life. This field examines change across three major dimensions namely; physical development, cognitive development, & social-emotional development.

Answer 3

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGISTS

Question 4

refer to any scholar who seeks to understand the developmental process (biologists, sociologists, anthropologists, educators, physicians and even historians

Answer 4

DEVELOPMENTALIST

Question 5

refers to systematic continuities and changes in the individual that occur between conception and death

Answer 5

DEVELOPMENT

Question 6

is the multidisciplinary study of how people change and how they remain the same over time.

Answer 6

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Question 7

A Swiss Philosopher emphasizes the child’s natural predispositions & minimizes the role of education in forming the child

Answer 7

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

Question 8

father of developmental psychology

Answer 8

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

Question 9

‘noble savage’ in literature, an idealized concept of uncivilized man, who symbolizes the innate goodness of one not exposed to the corrupting influences of civilization

Answer 9

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

Question 10

was interested in determining what Victor could learn. He devised procedures to teach the boy words and recorded his progress. Based on his work with Victor, Itard broke new ground in the education of the developmentally delayed.

Answer 10

Jean Marc Gaspard Itard

Question 11

who was impressed by the tendency of genius to run in families, NATURE

Answer 11

Francis Galton

Question 12

believed that the child’s development was activated by genes & he called this process maturation

Answer 12

ARNOLD GESELL

Question 13

An English philosopher,strongly articulated the importance of NURTURE/ENVIRONMENT in shaping the behaviors & abilities of people.

Answer 13

JOHN LOCKE

Question 14

Children were born a TABULA RASA, a blank slate, and that all of their experiences would shape them into their final self.

Answer 14

JOHN LOCKE

Question 15

observation among geese - IMPRINTING

Answer 15

Konrad Lorenz

Question 16

refers to the biological unfolding of the individual according to species-typical biological inheritance and individual person’s biological inheritance

Answer 16

MATURATION

Question 17

refers to the process through which our experiences produce relatively permanent changes in feelings, thoughts and behavior

Answer 17

LEARNING

Question 18

behaviors of people of different ages are carefully observed so as to specify how they change over time

Answer 18

DESCRIBE

Question 19

typical patterns of change

Answer 19

NORMATIVE DEVELOPMENT

Question 20

individual variation in patterns of change

Answer 20

IDEOGRAPHIC

Question 21

ASPECTS AND AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT

Answer 21

Physical and Motor – bodily changes
Cognitive – perception, language, learning and thinking
Psychosocial– emotions, personality, interpersonal relationships

Question 22

This suggests that you are not the same as you were in your previous years.

Answer 22

CONTINUAL AND CUMULATIVE

Question 23

emphasizes the interrelationships among the physical, mental, social & emotional aspects of human development

Answer 23

HOLISTIC

Question 24

ex. Boys who reach puberty early enjoy better relations with their peers than boys who reached puberty later.

Answer 24

HOLISTIC

Question 25

The capacity for change in response to positive or negative life experiences.

Answer 25

PLASTICITY

Question 26

Cultural socialization has a strong influence on the attributes and competencies that individuals display.

Answer 26

HISTORICAL/CULTURAL CONTEXT

Question 27

is our biological predispositions (innate factors).

Answer 27

NATURE

Question 28

refers to the individual’s experiences with his/her environment.

Answer 28

NURTURE

Question 29

This issue concerns whether a particular developmental phenomenon represents a smooth progression throughout the life span or a series of abrupt shifts.

Answer 29

CONTINUITY and DISCONTINUITY

Question 30

This issue concerns whether there is one path of development or several.

Answer 30

Universal and Context-Specific Development

Question 31

This issue wants to find out whether there are time windows in development during which the learning of certain skills is possible or better than at other times.

Answer 31

Critical Periods (timing of development)

Question 32

involves watching people and recording what they do in a natural setting, naturalistic observation, or in a setting created by the researcher for structured observation.

Answer 32

Systematic observation

Question 33

with tasks is used when a behavior cannot be observed directly. A task is created to sample the behavior of interest.

Answer 33

Sampling behavior