GENES AND HEREDITY PART 2

Question 1

an environmental agent/factor such as a drug, chemical, virus or other factor that produces a birth defect.

Answer 1

Teratogen

Question 2

a recessive hereditary disorder of protein metabolism. The basic defect is the absence of enzymes necessary to metabolize.

Answer 2

PHENYLKETONURIA (PKU)

Question 3

an amino acid that is present in many foods

Answer 3

phenylalanine

Question 4

originally named “mongolism” common form of cognitive disorder due to the presence of extra chromosome 21, for a total of 3 rather than the typical 2 copies making it 47 instead or normal 46

Answer 4

DOWN SYNDROME

Question 5

most frequent cause of inherited mental retardation ; the long arm of the X chromosome is prone to breaking for the DNA there is unstable.

Answer 5

FRAGILE X SYNDROME

Question 6

suggesting a very different brain organization for the fundamental social skills of recognizing others; usually found in toddlers; there is reduction in the size of corpus callosum and cerebellar regions.

Answer 6

AUTISM

Question 7

modified facial appearance

Answer 7

FRAGILE X SYNDROME

Question 8

elongation of the face

Answer 8

FRAGILE X SYNDROME

Question 9

Large prominent ears

Answer 9

FRAGILE X SYNDROME

Question 10

Prominent chin

Answer 10

FRAGILE X SYNDROME

Question 11

May or may not appear mentally deficient

Answer 11

AUTISM

Question 12

Losing language skills

Answer 12

AUTISM

Question 13

Narrow range of interests and activities

Answer 13

AUTISM

Question 14

Tend to perseverate (i.e. continually nodding the head, making stereotyped finger movements)

Answer 14

AUTISM

Question 15

a kind of disorder found in children born to alcoholic mother ; also abused of marijuana.

Answer 15

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS)

Question 16

sunken nasal bridge

Answer 16

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS)

Question 17

Altered shape of the nose and eyelids

Answer 17

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS)

Question 18

Stunted growth

Answer 18

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS)

Question 19

characterized by difficulties in understanding social interaction

Answer 19

ASPERGER’S SYNDROME

Question 20

difficulty interpreting other people’s emotional expression

Answer 20

ASPERGER’S SYNDROME

Question 21

tend to be very good at classifying objects and noting details.

Answer 21

ASPERGER’S SYNDROME

Question 22

difficulty interpreting other people’s emotional expression

Answer 22

do not lose their language capabilities compared to autism.

Question 23

genetic disorder in which male have an extra X chromosome, XXY; undeveloped testes; extreme height and enlarged breast.

Answer 23

KLINEFELTER SYNDROME

Question 24

resulted from receiving improper number of sex chromosomes

Answer 24

KLINEFELTER SYNDROME

Question 25

genetic disorder in which the male has an extra Y chromosome; would be likely to be aggressive and develop a violent type of personality.

Answer 25

XYY SYNDROME

Question 25

resulted from receiving improper number of sex chromosomes

Answer 25

KLINEFELTER SYNDROME

Question 26

genetic disorder in females are missing an X chromosome making them XO instead of XX; short in stature; webbed/entangled neck

Answer 26

TURNER SYNDROME

Question 27

1: 400; blood disorder; symptoms include poor appetite, stunted growth, swollen stomach and yellowish eyes; afflicted rarely live beyond childhood

Answer 27

SICKLE-CELL ANEMIA

Question 28

occurring mainly in Jews of Eastern European and French-Canadians (1: 27 among Jews); in general 1 in 250 people; victims dies before reaching school age;

Answer 28

TAY SACHS DISEASE

Question 29

produces blindness and muscle degeneration prior to death; no treatment for this disorder.

Answer 29

TAY SACHS DISEASE

Question 30

is the most common process resulting in disproportionate small stature. A disorder of bone growth that causes the most common type of dwarfism.

Answer 30

ACHONDROPLASIA

Question 31

Physical feature: short arms and legs, large head, facial features with frontal bossing and midface retrusion .Intelligence and life span are usually near normal although it increases the risk of death in infancy.

Answer 31

ACHONDROPLASIA

Question 32

average height of an adult or 4 foot 4 inches in males & 4 foot 1 inch in females.

Answer 32

ACHONDROPLASIA

Question 33

is dated from the first day of an expectant mother’s last menstrual cycle

Answer 33

Gestational age

Question 34

zygote travels to the uterus and attached itself to it; rapid cell division occurs; lasting only for 2 weeks

Answer 34

Period of zygote/germinal stage

Question 35

Period of the embryo/embryonic stage

Answer 35

major systems, organs & structure of the body develop; in 3 to 8 week

Question 36

Period of the fetus/fetal stage

Answer 36

week 9 until birth when rapid growth & further development of the structures, organs & systems of the body occur

Question 37

a developing child, from 8 weeks after conception until birth

Answer 37

FETUS

Question 38

Latin, meaning “head to tail,” dictates that development proceeds from the head to the lower part of the trunk.

Answer 38

cephalocaudal principle

Question 39

Latin, meaning “near to far,” development proceeds from parts near the center of the body to outer ones. The embryo’s head and trunk develop before the limbs, and the arms and legs before the fingers and toes.

Answer 39

PROXIMODISTAL PRINCIPLE