GENES AND HEREDITY

Question 1

the transmission of traits and/or disorder of parents to their offspring through genetic mechanisms- half paternal, half materna

Answer 1

HEREDITY

Question 2

states that one trait has the capacity to suppress recessive trait; dominant trait are usually physiological.

Answer 2

PRINCIPLE OF DOMINANCE

Question 3

trait that appear only in the absence of dominance; not express because dominant trait/ gene is present.

Answer 3

PRINCIPLE OF RECESSIVE

Question 4

are units of hereditary material contained in a person’s cell; hold information for all aspects of bodily growth and development.

Answer 4

GENES

Question 5

segments of DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) within chromosomes.

Answer 5

GENES

Question 6

contains a long strand of the hereditary substance deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)

Answer 6

CHROMOSOMES

Question 7

males gamete

Answer 7

SPERM

Question 8

females gamete

Answer 8

OVUM

Question 9

human reproduction cells which are created in the testes of male and ovary of the female

Answer 9

GAMETE

Question 10

begins with the fertilization of a female’s gamete by a male’s gamete.

Answer 10

REPRODUCTION

Question 11

union of sperm and the ovum; it occurs when the head of the sperm penetrates a mature ovum.

Answer 11

FERTILIZATION

Question 12

single cell formed through fertilization; 2 set of unpaired chromosome

Answer 12

ZYGOTE

Question 13

how many y

Answer 13

23

Question 14

how many x

Answer 14

23

Question 15

total of chromosomes

Answer 15

46

Question 16

an individual’s genetic heritage, it is the actual genetic material.

Answer 16

GENOTYPE

Question 17

This includes an individual’s physical and psychological characteristics.

Answer 17

PHENOTYPE

Question 18

a process of fertilization in which a man’s sperm is placed directly into a woman’s vagina by a physician

Answer 18

ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

Question 19

a procedure in which a woman’s ova are removed from her ovaries and a man’s sperm are used to fertilize the ova in a laboratory.

Answer 19

IN VITRO FERTILIZATION (IVF)

Question 20

High-frequency sound waves directed at the mother’s abdomen produce a picture of the fetus in the uterus

Answer 20

Ultrasound (sonogram)

Question 20

uses high frequency transvaginal probes & digital image processing to produce a picture of the embryo in the uterus.

Answer 20

Sonoembryology

Question 21

prenatal diagnostic technique that uses a syringe to withdraw a sample of amniotic fluid through the mother’s abdomen.

Answer 21

Amniocentesis

Question 22

prenatal diagnostic technique that involves taking a sample of tissue from the chorion, extracted from the placenta through the vagina

Answer 22

Chorionic villus sampling

Question 23

Tiny viewing scope is inserted in the woman’s abdomen to view the embryo or fetus.

Answer 23

Embryoscopy

Question 24

can assist in diagnosis of non-chromosomal genetic disorders.

Answer 24

Fetoscopy

Question 25

a recessive hereditary disorder of protein metabolism. The basic defect is the absence of enzymes necessary to metabolize.

Answer 25

PHENYLKETONURIA (PKU)

Question 26

an amino acid that is present in many foods ;the brain is damaged by an enormous build up of phenylalanine leading to mental retardation.

Answer 26

phenylalanine

Question 27

originally named “mongolism” common form of cognitive disorder due to the presence of extra chromosome 21, for a total of 3 rather than the typical 2 copies making it 47 instead or normal 46

Answer 27

DOWN SYNDROME

Question 28

the disorder is also called trisomy 21

Answer 28

DOWN SYNDROME

Question 29

most frequent cause of inherited mental retardation ; the long arm of the X chromosome is prone to breaking for the DNA there is unstable.

Answer 29

FRAGILE X SYNDROME