Lesion/Rash Presentations Flashcards
Dermatomal
Following pattern of the dermatome. Ex) Varicella Zoster Virus (chickenpox)
Linear
line-like
Clusters
self explanatory
Serpiginous
snake/worm like
Annular
ring-shaped
Intertriginous
skin locations where opposing skin surfaces come into contact
Extensor/flexor
like intertriginous. Some diseases are specific to extensor or flexor surfaces
Cyanosis
Blueish discoloration using as a result of poor circulation
Pallor
whiteness of the skin. Often observed at fingertips
Jaundice
Yellowing of the skin or eyes
Erythema
superficial redness of the skin
Hypo/Hyperpigmentation
changes in skin color
Depigmentation
complete loss of pigment. Vs hypopigmentation
Macule
flat, color change only. <1cm in size
Wheal
edematous papule or plaque (Raised). Often have erythematous borders and pale centers.
Papule
raised, palpable. <1cm in size.
Crust
adherent, dried serum, exudate, or blood on the skin
Vesicle
serous fluid-filled space in epidermis (blister)
bulla
blister >1cm in size.
scale
excess accumulation of “dead skin”
pustule
raised, pus filled space
Erosion
loss of the epidermis
Patch
flat, color change only. >1cm in size
Ulcer
depressed lesion. Loss of epidermis and part of dermis
Plaque
raised, palpable >1cm
Scar
permanent fibrotic changes that result from damage extending into the dermis.
Nodule
raised lesion deeper in skin. >1cm in diameter
Cyst
sac-like nodule that has an epithelia lining containing fluid or debris.
Moisture
dryness
Temperature
warm or cool
Mobility and Turgor
hydration, elasticity
Ecchymosis
Bruising
Eschar
Devitalized tissue, blackened
Fissure
Crack
Follicular
hair follicle involvement
Maceration
moist, soggy, with whiteness
nummular
coin-shaped
pedunculated
on a stalk
Petechiae
tiny red flat spots that sometimes present in clusters. <4mm in diameter
Purpura
red flat spots on the skin 4-10mm in diameter
Telangietasias
small, widened blood vessels appearing on the skin
Things to inspect on a hair exam
Quantity, distribution, texture. Also observe scalp (redness, scaliness)
Things to inspect on the nails
color, shape, lesions
Name the skin lesions that can be <1cm in size.
Macule, vesicle, papule, pustule, wheal, erosion, ulceration
Name the skin lesions that may be >1cm in size
Patch, petechiae, bulla, wheal, plaque, nodule, erosion, ulceration
What are the flat skin lesions?
Macule, patch, petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis
Name all the raised lesions (and what they are filled with)
Vesicle/bulla (clear, heme, serous), papule/plaque (solid), pustule (pus), wheal (edema)
What lesions may be depresssed (either entirely or just at the center)?
Erosion, ulceration (dermis inclusion), papule/plaque (center depressed)
Which lesions will not blanch when pressed with a glass slide?
Ecchymosis, petechiae, purpura
Which lesions will blanch?
Erythema (secondary lesion)
What are the types of imbedded lesions?
Nodules and tumors
What lesions are possibilities with desc. of raised and <1cm in size?
Vesicle, papule, pustule, wheal
Which lesions may contain heme
Vesicle, bulla, nodule, crust
Superficial secondary lesions
Crust, scale, lichenification, scar/keloid
depressed secondary lesions
Erosion, ulceration, excoriation, fissure, atrophy
secondary lesions caused by excessive scratching
Lichenification, excoriation
Photodistributed
on sun-exposed areas
Acral
Distal locations
Truncal
on the trunk
generalized distribution
ENTIRE body
