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Russia A-LEVEL History! Lenin to Yeltsin 1917-91 > Lenin’s Economy > Flashcards

Lenin’s Economy Flashcards

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1
Q

What was essential to build socialism?

A

Economic Revolution

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2
Q

Lenin’s 4 economic objectives

A
  • Modernisation
  • Consolidation
  • Military victory
  • Destroy Capitalism
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3
Q

Modernisation Objective:

A

Economy must be highly advanced from the Feudal society of the Tsars

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4
Q

Consolidation Objective

A

Economic Stability and advancement was essential to help Lenin retain Bolshevik hold on power.

Gain more supporters.

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5
Q

Military Victory Objective

A

Lenin needed a strong economy to supply his Red Army and win the Civil War - maintain hold on power.

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6
Q

Destroy Capitalism Objective

A

Lenin wanted to create an economy which was highly more effective than capitalism, which ended economic innequality

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7
Q

When did nationalisation of industry begin?

A

March 1918

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8
Q

What was the heart of Lenin’s economic policy 1918-24

A

Large scale nationalisation

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9
Q

State Capitalism introduction date?

A

March 1918

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10
Q

Explain STATE CAPITALISM

A
  • an economic phase between Capitalism and Communism
  • nationalisation of large-scale industry
  • ended capitalism by passing ownership of industry from the capitalists to the State (centralisation)
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11
Q

What did Lenin hope state capitalism would do?

A

More efficient industry

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12
Q

Vesenkha job

A

To centralise control of the now national industries

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13
Q

What would make State Capitalism more effective and efficient?

A

The govt could employ economic experts to run the economy.

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14
Q

Centralisation of national industries (by Vesenkha) would: 3 + explain how

A
  • reestablish worker discipline (offer high pay to hard workers)
  • factories properly managed (controlled by well-paid experts)
  • economy could be coordinated (tailored to meet needs of society)
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15
Q

War Communism - forever or temporary?

A

Lenin wanted it to be temporary - just to secure Bolshevik power in the civil war.

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16
Q

Civil war start date

A

Summer 1918

17
Q

What was War Communism in broad terms?

A

A series of EMERGENCY ECONOMIC measures to ensure the communists won the civil war

18
Q

WAR Communism measures: (4)

A
  • nationalisation of ALL industry
  • food dictatorship
  • labour discipline
  • abolition of the market

Explained on other card…

19
Q

Food Dictatorship: (war communism)

A
  • food free market abolished
  • grain requisitioned from peasants
  • distributed according to the SUPPLY COMMISSARIAT
20
Q

Supply Commissariat (WC)

A

Govt Body which decided which groups given the most food during requisitioning in war communism.

21
Q

Food distribution from the Supply Commissariat (war communism)

A
  • Soldiers and workers got largest rationing
  • bourgeoise given least
22
Q

How was Labour Discipline enforced (war communism):

A
  • 11 hr working day introduced
  • work compulsory for men 16-50
23
Q

Why was the market abolished? (war communism)

A
  • money worthless due to hyperinflation
  • => money abolished
  • private trade also made illegal
24
Q

Did war communism lead to victory?

A

100%

25
Q

Negatives of War Communism?

A
  • destroyed incentive to work - not rewarded for outstanding effort
  • 1920 famine consequences exacerbated
  • less workers in cities
26
Q

Why did War Comm exacerbate Famine (1920)

A

1921 harvest only 46% of 1913 harvest
REQUISITIONING = No food for farmers

27
Q

Date of Famine?

A

1920

28
Q

Famine 1920 Deaths?

A

6 million dead

29
Q

Why did War Communism lead to industrial workers shortages?

A
  • workers fled cities to find food
  • declined from 2.6 million (1917) —> 1.2 million in 1921
30
Q

What policy did the 1921 economic crisis lead to?

A

NEW ECONOMIC POLICY

31
Q

Key features of state capitalism:

A
  • land decree
  • workers control
  • peoples bank of Russian republic
  • veshenka (supreme council of the national economy)
32
Q

Key features of war communism:

A
  • removal of currency (hyperinflation)
  • military style discipline
  • private trade banned
  • NATIONALISATION
  • grain requisitioning
  • rationing
33
Q

Key features of the NEP

A
  • end to requisitioning - replaced with tax
  • no collectivisation to compromise with the peasantry
  • returned small scale industry to private
  • bonuses, managers
  • growth of small scale businesses
  • currency and wages

Russia A-LEVEL History! Lenin to Yeltsin 1917-91 (19 decks)

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