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Dermatology > Leg ulcers > Flashcards

Leg ulcers Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Definition of a leg ulcer?

A

Any break in the skin of the lower leg (below the knee) and above the ankle

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2
Q

In order from most common to least common, what are the different kinds of leg ulcers?

A 
Venous 
Arterial 
Mixed arterial venous disease
Rheumatoid arthritis 
Diabetic
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3
Q

Young person with leg ulcer?

A

IV drug user

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4
Q

Lipodermatosclerosis definition?

A

Thickening of the fatty layer

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5
Q

Hyerpigmentation?

A

Dark brown staining

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6
Q

What is slough?

A

Dead tissue that needs to cleaned away so the ulcer can heal

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7
Q

What investigations are used for a leg ulcer?

A 
ABPI 
Wound swab (if infection) 
Bloods
Patch testing 
Duplex scanning
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8
Q

Why is ABPI used?

A

To differentiate between arterial and venous ulcers

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9
Q

SIGN guidelines for ABPI?

A

1.5 calcification

May be so high that duplex will need to be used

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10
Q

Treatment of leg ulcers?

A 
Analgesia e.g. paracetamol, amityptaline (good for night pain) 
Non-adherent dressing
De-sloughing agent if necessary 
4 layers of compression bandaging 
Leg elevation
Compression stockings
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11
Q

What shape is compression bandaging in and why is this done?

A

Cone shape, separates out the pressure

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12
Q

For compression bandaging, what is the pressure at below the knee and at the ankle?

A

Ankle 40mmHg

Knee 25mmHg

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13
Q

In compression bandaging, how long is the aim for healing an ulcer?

A

12 weeks

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14
Q

What antibacterial agents can be added to dressings?

A

Silver / iodine

Manuka honey

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15
Q

What are the different stage of compression stockings?

A

1-3

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16
Q

When are compression stocking used in the treatment ofleg ulcers?

A

Once the ulcer has healed

17
Q

What is stasis dermatitis and how is it treated?

A

Common inflammatory skin condition of lower extremities due to chronic venous insufficiency.
Treated with emollients, topical steroids, compression and treatment of underlying problems

18
Q

What is Atrophie Blanche?

A

Atrophie blanche is the name given to a particular type of scar arising on the lower leg. It occurs after a skin injury when the blood supply is poor. May ulcerate

19
Q

Where are common places for arterial ulceration to occur?

A

Heel, base of big toe etc. Places where there is applied pressure

20
Q

Punched out ulceration?

A

Arterial ulceration

21
Q

Pearly white appearance and talangectasia?

A

BCC

22
Q

Where do venous ulcer usually occur?

A

Malleoli

23
Q

Why are maggots used in therapy?

A

They release an enzyme that debrides the sough and cleans the wound. Used in atertial wounds. Afterwards they are incinerated

Dermatology (10 decks)

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