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SF1 Unit 1 Post Exam 1 > Leg and Foot- Diogo > Flashcards

Leg and Foot- Diogo Flashcards

1
Q

The superficial fibular nerve innervates what?

A

the lateral compartment of the leg and the skin

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2
Q

The deep fibular nerve innervates what?

A

the anterior compartment of the leg:

  • tibialis anterior
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • extensor digitorum longus
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3
Q

The tibial nerve innervates what?

A

the posterior compartment of leg:

  • popliteus
  • plantaris
  • tibialis posterior
  • flexor digitorum longus
  • flexor hallucis longus
  • soleus
  • gastrocnemius
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4
Q

Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus mirror what muscles in the upper limb?

A

extensor carpi radialis
extensor digitorum
extensor pollicis longus/brevis???

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5
Q

What artery and nerve runs alone in the leg region of the lower limb?

A

superficial fibular nerve

fibular artery

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6
Q

What nerve travels with the anterior tibial artery?

A

deep fibular nerve

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7
Q

What does the posterior tibial artery divide into?

A

medial and lateral plantar arteries

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8
Q

What does the tibial nerve divide into?

A

medial and lateral plantar nerve

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9
Q

What does the popliteal artery divide into?

A

anterior tibial artery

posterior tibial artery

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10
Q

Anterior tibial artery changes name at the ankle to?

A

dorsalis pedis artery which gives rise to the arcuate arch that is really dorsal to the foot

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11
Q

The medial and lateral plantar arteries form what arch?

A

plantar arch

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12
Q

Where can you feel the pulse of the posterior tibial artery and the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A
  • Posterior inferiorly of the medial malleolus

- dorsum of the foot immediately lateral to the insertion tendon of the EHL

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13
Q

What is the only nerve that travels through the adductor canal?

A

saphenous nerve

travels with the femoral artery and vein at the level of the upper thigh but DOES NOT GO TO THE HIATUS BECAUSE IT WANTS TO GO TO THE anterior side of leg to innervate the skin

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14
Q

What travels with the saphenous nerve and what does it change name to as you go inferior to the foot?

A

great saphenous vein—> dorsal venous arch–> small saphenous vein

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15
Q

Which nerve does the saphenous come from the which nerve?

A

femoral nerve

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16
Q

What nerve innervates the skin of the anterior thigh and leg and the posterior thigh and leg?

A 
ANTERIOR THIGH: 
-lateral femoral cutaneous nerve 
-femoral nerve 
-obturator nerve 
ANTERIOR LEG
-superficial fibular nerve 
-saphenous nerve 
POSTERIOR THIGH
-posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
POSTERIOR LEG
-sural nerve (contribution from both common fibular and tibial nerve)
17
Q

What is cross in the deep femoral artery (branch of femoral artery)?

A

deep femoral artery
lateral femoral circumflex
medial femoral circumflex

18
Q

What are the 3 distinct things you need to know about the foot that is different from the hand?

A
  • the midline of the foot is digit 2 (because hallux is sooo big)
  • the big toe is like the other digits
  • FDB: goes to digits 2-5 to flex them and goes to the middle phalanx opening like a tunnel: corresponds to the FDS in the upper limb but remains in the foot level
  • quadratus plantae comes from the calcanues and goes to the tendons of FDL to help align the muscle; replaces the palmaris brevis in the upper limb
19
Q

What are the bones of the foot?

A
  • medial cuneiform
  • intermediate cuneiform
  • lateral cuneiform
  • navicular
  • cuboid
  • talus (above the calcaneus)
  • calcaneus (where the achilles tendon goes to)
  • metatarsals
  • proximal, middle, distal phalanx
20
Q

The medial longitudinal arch is made up of what bones in the foot?

A

calcaneus, talus, navicular, the cuneiforms, and the 3 most medial metatarsals

21
Q

The lateral longitudinal arch is made up of what bones in the foot?

A

calcaneus, cuboid, the two most lateral metatarsals

22
Q

The transverse arch is made up of what bones in the foot?

A

cuboid, cuneiforms, and the bases of the metatarsals

-transverse arch accounts for the difference in height between the medial (higher) and lateral longitudinal arches

23
Q

What articulates with the talus?

A
  • medial malleolus of tibia
  • lateral malleolus of fibula

trochlea of the talus and the articular surfaces of the tibia and fibula are “close-packed

24
Q

What articulates with the talus?

A
  • medial malleolus and tibial plafond of tibia
  • lateral malleolus of fibula

trochlea of the talus and the articular surfaces of the tibia and fibula are “close-packed

25
Q

What is the function of the lumbricals in the foot?

A

flex proximal phalanx

Extend the middle and distal phalanx

26
Q

lumbricals in the foot

A
  • come from the tendons of FDL
  • go to the medial side of digits of the foot
  • 1st lumbrical innervated by medial plantar nerve
  • flex proximal phalanx of digits 2-5 and extend middle and distal phalanx of digits 2-5
27
Q

Lateral plantar nerve corresponds to what nerve in the upper limb?

A

ulnar nerve

28
Q

What nerve innervates FDB?

A

medial plantar nerve

29
Q

What nerve innervates quadratus plantae?

A

lateral plantar nerve

30
Q

What is the purpose of the quadratus plantae?

A

helps to make FDL more parallel to the bones

31
Q

What is the purpose of the quadratus plantae?

A

helps to make FDL (which is oblique as it comes from the lateral side of the foot) more parallel to the bones

32
Q

What nerve innervates the FDL?

A

corresponds to FDP in the upper limb but

is a POSTERIOR LEG MUSCLE!!!

SOOOOO tibial nerve

33
Q

In the superficial layer of the sole of foot, you have which eminence that corresponds to the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

abductor digiiti minimi and flexor digiti minimi brevis which are both innervated by the lateral plantar nerve

34
Q

What are the muscles of the hallux in the foot?

A

innervated by the medial plantar nerve

  • abductor hallucis (goes to proximal)
  • FHB (goes to proximal)

innervated by deep fibular nerve
-Extensor hallucis brevis muscle

there is extensor digitorum brevis for 2-4 (2nd digit is like extensor indicis in hand)

35
Q

What are the muscles of digit 5 in the foot?

A
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • Flexor digiti minimi brevis

both go to the proximal phalanx; both innervates by the lateral plantar nerve

36
Q

What are the heads of the FHB and what tendon separates them in the hallux?

A
  • medial and lateral head of FHB

- flexor hallucis longus

37
Q

The adductor hallucis corresponds to which muscle in the hand and is innervated by what nerve?

A

adductor pollicis

  • innervated by lateral plantar nerve
  • transverse and oblique head
  • goes to the proximal phalanx of hallux
38
Q

Where are the dorsal and plantar interossei in the foot?

A
  • DI1 and DI2 on the medial and lateral side of digit 2
  • DI3 on lateral side of digit 3
  • DI4 on lateral side of digit 4
  • PI1 on medial side of digit 3
  • PI2 on medial side of digit 4
  • PI3 on medial side of digit 5
39
Q

What muscle helps stabilize the arch of the foot?

A

fibularis longus

SF1 Unit 1 Post Exam 1 (14 decks)

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