leg

Question 1

What is the nervous supply of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 1

deep fibular nerve (L4-S1) branch of common fibular

Question 2

What is the blood supply of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 2

anterior tibial artery, terminal branch of popliteal artery

Question 3

What are the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 3

tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius

Question 4

What are the attachments of tibialis anterior?

Answer 4

Lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia/ interosseous membrane.
Medial/ inferior surfaces of cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Question 5

What are the actions of tibularis anterior?

Answer 5

dorsiflexion of ankle, inversion of foot, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

Question 6

What are the attachments of extensor hallucis longus?

Answer 6

middle part of ant surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.
Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 7

What are the actions of extensor hallucis longus?

Answer 7

extends hallux (great toe), dorsiflexion of ankle

Question 8

What are the attachments of extensor digitorum longus?

Answer 8

lateral condyle of tibia and sup 3/4 of anterior surface of interosseous membrane.
Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Question 9

What are the actions of extensor digitorum longus?

Answer 9

dorsiflexion of ankle, extension of lateral 4 digits

Question 10

What are the attachments of fibularis tertius?

Answer 10

inf third of ant surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.
Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal

Question 11

What are the actions of fibularis tertius?

Answer 11

dorsiflexion of ankle, aids in eversion of foot

Question 12

what is the nerve supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 12

superficial fibular nerve, L5-S2, a terminating branch of common fibular

Question 13

What is the blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 13

proximally perforating branches of the anterior tibial artery, distally by perforating arteries of the fibular artery

Question 14

What are the 2 muscles in the lateral compartment?

Answer 14

Fibularis longus and brevis, tendons run posterior to lateral malleolus

Question 15

What are the attachments of Fibularis longus?

Answer 15

head and sup 2/3 of lateral fibula.

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuniform

Question 16

What are the actions of the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 16

eversion of foot, weak plantarflexion at ankle. FL supports transverse arch of the foot

Question 17

What are the attachments of Fibularis brevis?

Answer 17

inf third of ant surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.
Dorsal surface of tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal

Question 18

What is the consequence of damage to common fibular nerve (most common at neck of fibula)?

Answer 18

unopposed inversion of foot due to damage to lat and anterior compartments leading to foot drop

Question 19

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 19

gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris.

Question 20

What are the attachments of gastrocnemius?

Answer 20

later head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur, medial head: popliteal surface of femur superior to medial condyle.
calcaneal tendon to calcaneus

Question 21

What are the actions of gastrocnemius?

Answer 21

plantarflexion of ankle especially when knee extended, flexes leg at knee

Question 22

What are the attachments of soleus?

Answer 22

post surface of head and superior 1/4 of fibula, medial border of tibia.
calcaneal tendon to calcaneus

Question 23

What are the actions of soleus?

Answer 23

plantarflexion of foot,

steadies leg on foot

Question 24

What are the actions of plantaris?

Answer 24

weakly assists in plantarflexion of foot

Question 25

What are the attachments of plantaris?

Answer 25

inferior end of lat supracondylar line of femur. | calcaneal tendon to calcaneus

Question 26

What is the nerve supply of the muscles in the superficial posterior compartment?

Answer 26

tibial nerve, (S1-2)

Question 27

What is the blood supply to the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 27

posterior tibial artery (branch of popliteal)

Question 28

What are the 4 muscles in the deep group of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 28

popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior

Question 29

what are the attachments of popliteus?

Answer 29

lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus. Posterior surface of tibia superior to soleal line.

Question 30

What are the actions of popliteus?

Answer 30

weak flexion of knee. unlocks knee.

Question 31

What is the nerve supply to popliteus?

Answer 31

tibial nerve, L4-S1

Question 32

what are the attachments of flexor hallucis longus?

Answer 32

inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane. Base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 33

What are the actions of flexor hallucis longus?

Answer 33

flexion of great toe, weak plantarflexion of ankle, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

Question 34

what are the attachments of flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 34

medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, fibia via broad tendon. Bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Question 35

What are the actions of flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 35

flexion of lateral 4 digits, plantarflexion at ankle, supports longitudinal arches of foot.

Question 36

What is the nerve supply of flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 36

Tibial nerve S2,3

Question 37

What are the attachments of tibialis posterior?

Answer 37

interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and posterior surface of fibula. Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, bases of metatarsal 2-4

Question 38

What are the actions of tibialis posterior?

Answer 38

plantarflex ankle, invert foot, support medial longitudinal arch of foot

Question 39

What is the nerve supply to tibialis posterior?

Answer 39

Tibial nerve, L4-5