Leg 2 Flashcards
different parts of the foot
- phalanges
- metatarsals (1-5)
- Tarsals
list parts of the tarsals and relative locations
- cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral) –> proximal row
- navicular –> intermediate row
- Cuboid (distal row, F in MILF)
- Talus –> proximal row
- calcaneus –> proximal row
how does the calcaneus articulate with the talus and cuboid (what structure “attaches” them)
sustentaculum tali –> “Talar shelf”
superior muscles in the posterior compartment of leg
- gastrocnemius
- soleus
- plantaris
deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg
- tibialis posterior
- flexor hallicus longus
- flexor digitorum longus
- popliteus
muscles in lateral compartment of leg
- fibularis longus
- fibularis brevis
muscle in anterior compartment of leg
- tibialis anterior
- extensor hallucis longus
- extensor digitorum longus
what muscles does the tibial nerve innervate
superior and deep muscles of the posterior compartment of leg
what muscles does the common fibular nerve, specify branch of common fibular
lateral compartment –> superficial branch of CF nerve
anterior compartment –> deep branch of CF nerve
origin of the gastrocnemius
lateral head –> superior aspect of lateral condyle of femur
medial head –> superior aspect of medial condyle of femur
origin of plantaris
lateral condyle of femur
origin of soleus
posterior fibula –> superior quater
posterior tibia –> soleal line
- proximal quater of each bone
insertion of gastrocnemius, plantaris and soleus
posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
action of gastrocnemius
- knee flexion
- plantar flexion (ankle)
- raises heel when walking
action of soleus
plantar flexion at ankle
plantaris action
plantar flexion at ankle (weak)
innervation of gastroc, plantaris and soleus
tibial nerve
origin and insertion of popliteus
origin –> lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur
insertion –> posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
action of popliteus
- knee flexion (weak)
- unlocks knee (rotate femur on fixed tibia, rotate tibia of unplanted limb)
innveration of popliteus
tibial nerve
origin and insertion of flexor digitorum longus
origin –> posterior tibia
insertion –> base of distal phalanges (2-5)
origin and insertion of flexor hallucius longus
origin –> posterior fibula, interosseous membrane
insertion –> base of distal phalange (1)
tibialis posterior origin and insertion
origin –> posterior tibia, posterior fibula, interosseous membrane
insertion –> navicular, cuneiform (MIL), cuboid, base of metatarsals 2-4
action of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg
- plantar flexion of ankle
- FHL, FDL –> flexion of joints proximal to insertion
- TP –> inversion of foot
innervation of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg
tibial nerve
path of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg
- around medial malleolus
- Tom, Dick and Harry
origin and insertion of tibialis anterior
origin –> lateral surface of tibia
insertion –> 1 metatarsal, medial cuneiform
origin and insertion of extensor digitorum longus
origin –> anterior surface of fibula
insertion –> middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
origin and insertion of extensor hallicus longus
origin –> anterior surface of fibula
insertion –>distal phalanx of great toe
actions of muscle of the anterior compartment of leg
- dorsiflexion at ankle
- EHL, EDL –> extension of joints proximal to insertion
- TA –> inversion of foot
innervation of muscles of anterior compartment of leg
deep branch of common fibular nerve
origin and insertion of fibularis longus
origin –> lateral aspect of fibula
insertion –> medial cuneiform, 1 metatarsal
origin and insertion of fibularis brevis
origin –> lateral aspect of fibula
insertion –> base of 5 metatarsal
innervation of muscles in lateral compartment of leg
both fibularis longus and brevis are innervated by the superficial branch of common fibular nerve
action of muscles in lateral compartment of leg (FL and FB)
- eversion of foot
- plantar flexion at ankle (weak)
