Leg 2

Question 1

different parts of the foot

Answer 1

• phalanges
• metatarsals (1-5)
• Tarsals

Question 2

list parts of the tarsals and relative locations

Answer 2

• cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral) –> proximal row
• navicular –> intermediate row
• Cuboid (distal row, F in MILF)
• Talus –> proximal row
• calcaneus –> proximal row

Question 3

how does the calcaneus articulate with the talus and cuboid (what structure “attaches” them)

Answer 3

sustentaculum tali –> “Talar shelf”

Question 4

superior muscles in the posterior compartment of leg

Answer 4

• gastrocnemius
• soleus
• plantaris

Question 5

deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg

Answer 5

• tibialis posterior
• flexor hallicus longus
• flexor digitorum longus
• popliteus

Question 6

muscles in lateral compartment of leg

Answer 6

• fibularis longus
• fibularis brevis

Question 7

muscle in anterior compartment of leg

Answer 7

• tibialis anterior
• extensor hallucis longus
• extensor digitorum longus

Question 8

what muscles does the tibial nerve innervate

Answer 8

superior and deep muscles of the posterior compartment of leg

Question 9

what muscles does the common fibular nerve, specify branch of common fibular

Answer 9

lateral compartment –> superficial branch of CF nerve
anterior compartment –> deep branch of CF nerve

Question 10

origin of the gastrocnemius

Answer 10

lateral head –> superior aspect of lateral condyle of femur
medial head –> superior aspect of medial condyle of femur

Question 11

origin of plantaris

Answer 11

lateral condyle of femur

Question 12

origin of soleus

Answer 12

posterior fibula –> superior quater
posterior tibia –> soleal line
- proximal quater of each bone

Question 13

insertion of gastrocnemius, plantaris and soleus

Answer 13

posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Question 14

action of gastrocnemius

Answer 14

• knee flexion
• plantar flexion (ankle)
• raises heel when walking

Question 15

action of soleus

Answer 15

plantar flexion at ankle

Question 16

plantaris action

Answer 16

plantar flexion at ankle (weak)

Question 17

innervation of gastroc, plantaris and soleus

Answer 17

tibial nerve

Question 18

origin and insertion of popliteus

Answer 18

origin –> lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur
insertion –> posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line

Question 19

action of popliteus

Answer 19

• knee flexion (weak)
• unlocks knee (rotate femur on fixed tibia, rotate tibia of unplanted limb)

Question 20

innveration of popliteus

Answer 20

tibial nerve

Question 21

origin and insertion of flexor digitorum longus

Answer 21

origin –> posterior tibia
insertion –> base of distal phalanges (2-5)

Question 22

origin and insertion of flexor hallucius longus

Answer 22

origin –> posterior fibula, interosseous membrane
insertion –> base of distal phalange (1)

Question 23

tibialis posterior origin and insertion

Answer 23

origin –> posterior tibia, posterior fibula, interosseous membrane
insertion –> navicular, cuneiform (MIL), cuboid, base of metatarsals 2-4

Question 24

action of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg

Answer 24

• plantar flexion of ankle
• FHL, FDL –> flexion of joints proximal to insertion
• TP –> inversion of foot

Question 25

innervation of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg

Answer 25

tibial nerve

Question 26

path of deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg

Answer 26

- around medial malleolus - Tom, Dick and Harry

Question 27

origin and insertion of tibialis anterior

Answer 27

origin --> lateral surface of tibia insertion --> 1 metatarsal, medial cuneiform

Question 28

origin and insertion of extensor digitorum longus

Answer 28

origin --> anterior surface of fibula insertion --> middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Question 29

origin and insertion of extensor hallicus longus

Answer 29

origin --> anterior surface of fibula insertion -->distal phalanx of great toe

Question 30

actions of muscle of the anterior compartment of leg

Answer 30

- dorsiflexion at ankle - EHL, EDL --> extension of joints proximal to insertion - TA --> inversion of foot

Question 31

innervation of muscles of anterior compartment of leg

Answer 31

deep branch of common fibular nerve

Question 32

origin and insertion of fibularis longus

Answer 32

origin --> lateral aspect of fibula insertion --> medial cuneiform, 1 metatarsal

Question 33

origin and insertion of fibularis brevis

Answer 33

origin --> lateral aspect of fibula insertion --> base of 5 metatarsal

Question 34

innervation of muscles in lateral compartment of leg

Answer 34

both fibularis longus and brevis are innervated by the superficial branch of common fibular nerve

Question 35

action of muscles in lateral compartment of leg (FL and FB)

Answer 35

- eversion of foot - plantar flexion at ankle (weak)