Lectures 7.3-8.1: Learning and Memory Flashcards
Sensitisation
An enhanced response to many different stimuli after experiencing an intense or noxious one. For example, an animal responds more vigorously to a tone of lesser intensity once a painfully loud tone has been played.
A habituated response can be restored by sensitisation
Classical conditioning
A learning process in which an innate response to a potent stimulus comes to be elicited in response to a previously neutral stimulus; this is achieved by repeated pairings of the neutral stimulus with the potent stimulus.
Operant conditioning
The pairing of a behaviour with a stimulus. Through operant conditioning, an individual makes an association between a particular behaviour and a consequence through the use of positive or negative reinforcement
Implicit memories
Memories that are not consciously recalled
Duration of memory traces in working memory
Seconds to minutes
Working memory stores
newly acquired information and retrieved memories
Working memory depends on which area of the brain?
Prefrontal cortex and lateral intraparietal cortex
Subdivisions of working memory
Central executive - discrimination of different facial features, timing,
Phonological loop
Spatiotemporal sketchpad
Long term explicit memories are primarily stored in the
neocortex
Which region of the brain is required for the transfer of memories from working to long term?
Hippocampus
Explicit memory is subdivided into
somantic and episodic memory
Alzheimer’s dementia preferentially affect the
episodic memory
Adult neurogenesis occurs in the
dentate gyrus of the hippocampus
CaMKII is associated in rings of ___ subunits
10
CaMKII is a target for phosphorylation by
CaMKII
