Lecture7: Axial Skeleton Part 2 Flashcards
why is the vertebral column curved?
to improve shock absorption
curve of the cervical vertebrae is acquired after?
holding our heads up for the first time
curve of the lumbar vertebrae is acquired after?
learning how to walk for the first time
what lies between the vertebrae?
discs of fibrocartilage lie between vertebrae
why are we the tallest immediately after waking up?
when we sleep the vertebral discs absorb water and thicken
where is the nutrient foramen located?
body of vertebra
large vertebral foramen provides passage for the?
spinal cord
facets?
surfaces on which bones connect to one another
cervical vertebrae?
c1-c7
c1 is atlas and c2 is axis
atlas features?
the atlas has no body or spinous process but it has a distinct anterior arch. it also has a large vertebral foramen which accomodates the dens of axis
axis features?
has a dens: a dens is a large projection and passes through the vertebral foramen of the atlas. forms the atlantoaxial joint which permits turning of head left and right
special properties of cervical vertebrae?
- spinous processes are bifid
- transverse processes have the transverse foramen
- provides passage for vertebral artery
thoracic vertebrae?
t1-t12
- they have large transverse processes for articulations with the ribs
- demifacets are unique to the thoracic vertebrae
demifacets?
surfaces where the head of one rib connects with two vertebrae
on t1-t12, facets connect tubercle of ribs to?
vertebral column
anatomy of a rib?
head: articulations with demifacets on 2 vertebrae
the narrowed area to the head is called the neck
the tubercle articulates with facets on the thoracic vertebrae
lumbar vertebrae?
l1-l5
short and thick spinous processes
points of attachment for the muscles of the back
sacrum?
five fused vertebrae
-articulates with the pelvic girdle at sacroiliac joints
- vertebral canal becomes the sacral canal
end of sacrum?
hiatus
coccyx?
- tailbone
-four fused coccygeal vertebrae
-co1-co4
thoracic cage?
forms ribcage and breastbone
sternum?
breastbone: medial part where ribs attach
- manubrium
-body
-xiphoid process
true ribs?
first 7 ribs: articulate with thoracic vertebrae and sternum
false ribs?
ribs 8-12: articulate with thoracic vertebrae but not sternum
8-10: articulate with costal cartilage of 7th rib
floating ribs?
dont articulate with any bones anteriorly
