Lecture 9: Joints Part 2 Flashcards
plane joints?
- permit gliding
- back and forth/side to side(no angle changes)
- BIAXIAL
- intercarpal joint, sternoclavicular
hinge joints?
- movement in one place
- UNIAXIAL
- flexion and extension
- knee joint, elbow joint, ankle joint
pivot joint?
- allows for rotation only
- UNIAXIAL
- atlanto-axial joint, radioulnar joint
condyloid joint?
condyloid aka ellipsoidal
- oval shaped protrusion fits into oval shaped depression
-BIAXIAL
- flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction
- radiocarpal joint(wrist)
saddle joint?
one bone is the saddle and the other is the rider and they fit together.
- BIAXIAL
-flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction
- carpometacarpal joint between proximal metacarpal of the thumb and trapezium
ball and socket joint?
ball shaped surface of one joint fits into the cup shaped depression of another bone.
- flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and rotation.
- TRIAXIAL
- shoulder and hip joint
joint with greatest mobility?
ball and socket joints
temporomandibular joint
- only freely moveable joint in the skull
- combination hinge and plane joint
TMJ articulations?
condylar process of the mandible and mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
tmj meniscus?
meniscus divides cavity into:
superior and inferior
superior: rotation, lateral displacement, protraction/retraction
inferior: permits depression/elevation
movement permitted around tmj?
depression/elevation, rotation, lateral displacement, and protraction/retraction
glenohumeral joint?
ball and socket joint: it has a good range of motion
articular components of the glenohumeral joint?
- glenoid labrum: fibrocartilage lip of the glenoid cavity : increases surface area of glenoid cavity
- bursae: four pads to absorb shock and reduce friction
movements around the shoulder joint?
flexion/extension, abduction/adduction/rotation:medial and lateral, circumduction
articular components of elbow joint?
collateral ligaments, annular ligament, and bursa at olecranonn
movement of elbow joint
only flexion and extension because it is a hinge joint
coxal/hip joint?
ball and socket joint formed by acetabulum of coxal bone and the head of the femur
articular components of hip joint?
acetebular labrum: fibrocartilage lip of the acetabulum that prevents displacement of femoral head
- accessory ligaments
movement around coxal joint?
flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, lateral and medial rotation, and circumduction
articular components of knee?
- cruciate ligaments, collateral ligaments, menisci, and bursae(infrapatellar bursa)
osteoarthritis?
progressive loss of articular cartilage: results in increased friction between bones, may require surgery
sprains?
sprains are forceful tearing or stretching of ligaments, surgery may be required
strains?
partial tearing or stretching of muscle or tendon. treatment is price.
