Lecture 9: Joints Part 2

Question 1

plane joints?

Answer 1

• permit gliding
• back and forth/side to side(no angle changes)
• BIAXIAL
• intercarpal joint, sternoclavicular

Question 2

hinge joints?

Answer 2

• movement in one place
• UNIAXIAL
• flexion and extension
• knee joint, elbow joint, ankle joint

Question 3

pivot joint?

Answer 3

• allows for rotation only
• UNIAXIAL
• atlanto-axial joint, radioulnar joint

Question 4

condyloid joint?

Answer 4

condyloid aka ellipsoidal
- oval shaped protrusion fits into oval shaped depression
-BIAXIAL
- flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction
- radiocarpal joint(wrist)

Question 5

saddle joint?

Answer 5

one bone is the saddle and the other is the rider and they fit together.
- BIAXIAL
-flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction
- carpometacarpal joint between proximal metacarpal of the thumb and trapezium

Question 6

ball and socket joint?

Answer 6

ball shaped surface of one joint fits into the cup shaped depression of another bone.
- flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and rotation.
- TRIAXIAL
- shoulder and hip joint

Question 7

joint with greatest mobility?

Answer 7

ball and socket joints

Question 8

temporomandibular joint

Answer 8

• only freely moveable joint in the skull
• combination hinge and plane joint

Question 9

TMJ articulations?

Answer 9

condylar process of the mandible and mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Question 10

tmj meniscus?

Answer 10

meniscus divides cavity into:
superior and inferior
superior: rotation, lateral displacement, protraction/retraction
inferior: permits depression/elevation

Question 11

movement permitted around tmj?

Answer 11

depression/elevation, rotation, lateral displacement, and protraction/retraction

Question 12

glenohumeral joint?

Answer 12

ball and socket joint: it has a good range of motion

Question 13

articular components of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 13

• glenoid labrum: fibrocartilage lip of the glenoid cavity : increases surface area of glenoid cavity
• bursae: four pads to absorb shock and reduce friction

Question 14

movements around the shoulder joint?

Answer 14

flexion/extension, abduction/adduction/rotation:medial and lateral, circumduction

Question 15

articular components of elbow joint?

Answer 15

collateral ligaments, annular ligament, and bursa at olecranonn

Question 16

movement of elbow joint

Answer 16

only flexion and extension because it is a hinge joint

Question 17

coxal/hip joint?

Answer 17

ball and socket joint formed by acetabulum of coxal bone and the head of the femur

Question 18

articular components of hip joint?

Answer 18

acetebular labrum: fibrocartilage lip of the acetabulum that prevents displacement of femoral head
- accessory ligaments

Question 19

movement around coxal joint?

Answer 19

flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, lateral and medial rotation, and circumduction

Question 20

articular components of knee?

Answer 20

• cruciate ligaments, collateral ligaments, menisci, and bursae(infrapatellar bursa)

Question 21

osteoarthritis?

Answer 21

progressive loss of articular cartilage: results in increased friction between bones, may require surgery

Question 22

sprains?

Answer 22

sprains are forceful tearing or stretching of ligaments, surgery may be required

Question 23

strains?

Answer 23

partial tearing or stretching of muscle or tendon. treatment is price.