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Biology 1190 > LAB 4: APPENDICULAR SKELETON > Flashcards

LAB 4: APPENDICULAR SKELETON Flashcards

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1
Q

what does each pectoral girdle consist of and what are they?

A

scapula and clavicle
scapula: shoulder blade
clavicle: collar bone

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2
Q

what does the scapula articulate with?

A

clavicle: acromioclavicular joint
humerus: glenohumeral joint

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3
Q

what does the clavicle articulate with?

A

the clavicle articulates with the manubrium of the sternum and forms sternoclavicular joint

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4
Q

what does the humerus head articulate with?

A

the glenoid cavity of the scapula: glenohumeral joint

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5
Q

what is the proximal end of the ulna called?

A

olecranon: the elbow

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6
Q

how many carpal bones are there and which one is the one that has the most fractures?

A

8 carpal bones, scaphoid is most common wrist bone that gets fractured

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7
Q

the pelvic girdle is formed by?

A

2 coxal bones

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8
Q

what is the pelvis formed of?

A

coxal bones, sacrum, and the coccyx

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9
Q

what are the parts of the coxal bone?

A

ilium, ischium, and pubis

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10
Q

ilium contains?

A

acetabulum, iliac crest, and the greater sciatic notch

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11
Q

acetabulum is for?

A

acetabulum is the socket for the head of the femur

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12
Q

the greater sciatic notch is for?

A

sciatic nerve passes

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13
Q

whats the joint that joins the ilium to sacrum?

A

sacroiliac joint

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14
Q

pubis contains the?

A

obturator foramen and the pubic symphysis

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15
Q

obturator foramen?

A

largest foramen in body, provides passage for blood vessels and nerves

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16
Q

pubic symphysis?

A

joins the coxal bones anteriorly

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17
Q

what are the markings of a tibia?

A

medial bone, tibial tuberosity, medial malleolus

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18
Q

how many tarsal bones and which ones are the important ones to know?

A

7 tarsal bones
talus, calcaneous
talus: ankle bone
calcaneous: heel bone

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19
Q

what are 3 visible differences between male and female pelvis?

A

obturator foramen for female is more oval but male is more round, the pelvic inlet for female is oval and wide but male is narrow and heart shaped, and the pubic arch for female is more than 90 degree angle but for male its less than 90 degree angle

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20
Q

fibrous joints information and subtypes?

A

dense irregular connective tissue, no articular cavity

sutures, syndesmoses

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21
Q

sutures?

A

only found between bones of the skull.
thin layer of connective tissue and are immoveable.

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22
Q

syndesmoses subtypes?

A

interosseous ligament, interosseous membrane, and gomphosis

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23
Q

interosseous ligament?

A

the distal ends of the tibia and fibula are joined by interosseous ligament: slight movement.

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24
Q

interosseous membrane?

A

sheet of dense irregular connective tissue joining two long bones. slight movement

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25
Q

gomphosis?

A

cone shaped joint between the teeth and mandible and maxilla

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26
Q

cartilaginous joints?

A

hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage, no articular cavity, cartilage tissue
- synchondrosis -symphysis

27
Q

synchondrosis?

A

hyaline or fibrocartilage: between the costal cartilage of first rib and manubrium

28
Q

symphysis?

A

hyaline and fibrocartilage: between pubic bones, intervertebral discs

29
Q

synovial joints?

A

theres a fluid filled space between bones called the synovial cavity. two layers of connective tissue surround cavity: outer fibrous and inner synovial membrane. freely moveable

30
Q

functions of synovial fluid?

A

absorb shock, reduce friction between bones, nourishes chondrocytes of articular cartilage

31
Q

plane joint?

A

permit gliding, biaxial, intercarpal

32
Q

hinge joint?

A

convex surface of one bone fits into concave surface of another bone, uniaxial, elbow joint

33
Q

pivot joint?

A

round surface of bone fits into ring, biaxial, atlanto-axial joint

34
Q

ellipsoid joint?

A

aka condylar, oval shaped fits into oval shaped depresion, radiocarpal

35
Q

saddle joint?

A

saddle and rider, biaxial, thumb

36
Q

ball and socket joint?

A

ball like surface fits into a cuplike depression, triaxial, glenohumeral joint, hip joint

37
Q

occipitofrontalis?

A

divided into 2 bellies; frontal and occipital belly. connected by epicranial aponeurosis
frontal belly: raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead
occipital belly: raises hair

38
Q

orbicularis oculi?

A

closes the eyelid

39
Q

orbicularis oris?

A

closes lips, purses the lips

40
Q

platysma?

A

depresses the mandible

41
Q

masseter and temporalis?

A

elevate the mandible and close the jaw

42
Q

sternocleidomastoid?

A

rotates the head and extends the head at the atlanto-occipital joint,
origin: manubrium insert: temporal bone

43
Q

layers of muscles of abdomen

A

external oblique: most superficial
internal oblique: intermediate
transversus abdominis: deepest layer

44
Q

rectus abdominis?

A

runs parallel to the midline, separated by tendinous intersections responsible for the definition of the 6-8-10 pack.

45
Q

what is the linea alba?

A

the linea alba is the line going down the middle, midline, seperating the two halves of the rectus abdominis

46
Q

diaphragm?

A

permits breathing

47
Q

serratus anterior

A

boxers muscle: punching and pushing, abducts scapula

48
Q

trapezius

A

RADS: rotation, adduction, depression, and stabilization of the scapula

49
Q

pectoralis major?

A

moves the humerus, adduction, medial rotation, and flexion of arm

50
Q

deltoid?

A

moves the humerus, abduction, medial rotation, and flexion of the arm

51
Q

latissimus dorsi?

A

swimmers muscle; extension, adduction, and medial rotation

52
Q

biceps brachii?

A

flexion of the arm at the elbow joint and supination of the hand

53
Q

triceps brachii?

A

extension of the arm at the elbow joint

54
Q

brachioradialis?

A

flexion of arm at elbow joint; supination and pronation of the hand

55
Q

hamstrings contain?

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

56
Q

function of hamstrings?

A

flexion at the knee joint and extension at the hip joint

57
Q

quads contain?

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

58
Q

quads function?

A

flexion at the hip joint and extension at the knee joint

59
Q

gastrocnemius?

A

plantar flexion of foot, flexion of lower limb

60
Q

gluteus maximus?

A

largest muscle, extension of leg at hip joint and lateral rotation of femur at hip joint

61
Q

gluteus medius?

A

abducts thigh and medially rotates the thigh at hip joint

62
Q

soleus?

A

plantar flexion of foot

63
Q

tibialis anterior?

A

dorsiflexion of the foot, supination of foot

64
Q

gracilis?

A

adduction, medial rotation of thigh, and flexion of leg

Biology 1190 (12 decks)

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