Lecture Slides - Chapter 15.4-15.7 Flashcards
The primary auditory area is larger on the _____
right
The secondary auditory areas are larger on the _____
in most people
left
Posterior right temporal lobe is larger than the same
region on the ____
left
Region of sensorimotor cortex representing the face is larger in the _____ hemisphere
left
The cortical area buried in the sulci of Broca’s area is larger
on the ___
left
Neurons in Broca’s area on the ____have larger dendritic fields
than do corresponding neurons on the ____
left; right
Difficulty copying drawings, assembling puzzles, and navigating around familiar places = damage to the _____ _____ lobe = Patient ____
right parietal; G.H.
Difficulty with language, copying movements, reading, arithmetic, and generating names of objects or animals = damage to the ____ ____ lobe = Patient ___
left parietal; M.M.
” general impairment in making voluntary movements in the absence of paralysis or a muscular disorder”
apraxia
People with LEFT hemisphere injury,
especially in the
_____ _____ region, are impaired at copying movements
posterior parietal
___ hemisphere is controlling spatial skills
right
____ hemisphere is controlling language functions and cognitive tasks (reading/writing)
left
“Experimental procedure for simultaneously
presenting a different auditory input to
each ear through stereophonic earphones”
dichotic listening
We have a right-ear advantage for ___ information and a left-ear advantage for _____ information.
verbal; musical
Right visual field has an advantage for _____-related information, and the left visual field has an advantage for ____ ____ information
language; nonverbal spatial
“Surgical disconnection of the two hemispheres in which the corpus callosum is cut”
split-brain
In split brain patients, the two hemispheres can act independently - give an example of this:
Although split-brain individuals cannot name objects presented to their right hemisphere,
they can make correct nonverbal responses. Using their left hand, these individuals correctly select the object matching the presented one.
Unlike in other animals, the speaking left hemisphere in humans acts as an ______: it is able to infer relationships among stimuli.
interpreter
On average, females
are better than males at____-term memory
tasks and ___ _____ tasks.
short; verbal fluency
On average, males are better than females at \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ tasks and mental rotation tasks.
spatial relation
Women have a larger
volume of ____ ____ and associated _____ regions
dorsal prefrontal; paralimbic
Men have a larger volume of more ___ ____ regions
ventral prefrontal
Gray matter differences between the sexes?
Women have relatively high cortical gray matter concentration in many regions of the cerebral cortex and Men’s gray matter concentration is more uniform across the cortex.
Medial frontal cortex - neurons in ___ rats have larger dendritic fields
male
Orbitofrontal cortex - neurons in ___ rats have larger dendritic fields
female
Females have more ___hemispheric connectivity;
males have more ___hemispheric connectivity
inter; intra
Most right-handed people have language
localized in their _____ hemisphere.
left
“Condition in which a person’s speech zones are in the right hemisphere or in both hemispheres”
anomalous speech representation
“Ability to perceive a stimulus of one sense as the sensation of a different sense, such as when sound produces the sensation of colour”
synesthesia
Investigations imply that _____ ______ and high ____-to-____ ratio may play important roles in intelligence.
cerebral connectivity; glia-to-neuron
Gardner’s 7 types of intelligence?
Linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal
_____ aspect of intelligence is awareness of one’s own feelings
intrapersonal
____ aspect of intelligence entails recognizing others’ feelings and responding appropriately
interpersonal
Both intra/interpersonal aspects of intelligence refer to the ___ and ___ lobe operations required for success in a highly social environment
frontal and temporal
“Applying knowledge and reasoning skills to narrow the range of possible solutions to a problem, then zeroing in on one correct answer”
convergent thinking
People with ____ and ___ lobe lesions perform poorly on convergent thinking tests.
temporal and parietal
“reaches outward from conventional knowledge and reasoning skills to explore new, more unconventional solutions to problems”
divergent thinking
People with ____ lobe lesions perform poorly on divergent thinking tests.
frontal
“Hebb’s term for innate intellectual potential, which is highly heritable and cannot be measured directly”
Intelligence A
“Hebb’s term for observed intelligence, which is influenced
by experience as well as other factors in the course of development and is measured by intelligence tests”
Intelligence B
Gray matter volume in the _____ ______
prefrontal region correlated with the participant’s
accuracy in working memory tasks
right dorsolateral
