Lecture one Flashcards
In 1908, what was the name of the author of the autobiography exploring mental ill-health named “A Mind That Found Itself”?
Clifford Beers.
Was Psychopathology of Everyday Life a book written by Freud?
Yes.
The line between mental health and mental ill-health is blurry. Where does one end and the other begin?
The approach we are exploring in this subject.
Did Darwin take a very biologically-oriented approach to mental health in the 1800s?
Yes.
Freud and Isaac Ray then came along and suggested that it is not just a matter biology and genes, but is influenced by matters outside the individual as well.
When was the idea of ‘mental hygiene’ first introduced?
in 1843 in ‘Mental Hygiene’ by William Sweetnser.
Other key figures were Adolf Myer, Clifford Beers, and Isaac Ray.
Clifford Beers is considered to be the founder of the Mental Hygiene Movement.
The Mental Hygiene Hypothesis states that there are factors external to ourselves that can help buffer us against the mental ill-health.
We see this line of thinking flowing through our culture today, especially during and after COVID-19 pandemic.
Adolf Meier was a founder of the APA.
William James is considered to be the American father of psychology.
How is Mental Health defined by WHO?
Mental health is a state of mental well-being that enables people to cope with the stresses of life, realize their abilities, learn well and work well, and contribute to their community. It is an integral component of health and well-being that underpins our individual and collective abilities to make decisions, build relationships and shape the world we live in. Mental health is a basic human right. And it is crucial to personal, community and socio-economic development.
How is Mental Illness defined by the Australian Government.
NB: “clinically diagnosable” - problematic.
“A CLINICALLY DIAGNOSABLE disorder that SIGNIFICANTLY INTERFERES with an individual’s cognitive, emotional or social abilities.”
Here we see some problems arise. Who defines what we ALLOW to be clinically diagnosable?
Who defines what SIGNIFICANTLY INTERFERING is?
How does the DSM-5-TR broadly define MENTAL DISORDERS?
How does the DSM-5-TR define what a mental disorder IS NOT?
“An expectable or culturally approved response to a common stressor or loss, such as the death of a loved one, is NOT a mental disorder.”
According to the National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing, out of AMAB and AFAB, who is affected more by mental health disorders?
Do mental health disorders decrease or increase across age groups?
What disorders are higher in AMAB than AFAB and vice versa?
AFAB individuals are affected more than AMAD, and for anxiety disorder they are TWICE as likely to have them.
Prevalence of mental health disorders decrease across the life span.
Substance use disorders are one of the only mental health disorders that have a higher prevalence in AMAD individuals than AFAB.
What was the main finding from the Dunedin Cohort Study?
They found that by mid-life 86% of participants had experienced a mental health disorder at some point.
What are the three primary approaches to classification models of mental disorders?
- Categorical.
- Dimensional.
- Hybrid.
What are HEALTHY VOICE HEARERS?
Auditory verbal hallucinations are experienced, but there is no distress associated with them.
What are the benefits of categorical classification?
What are the limitations?
Categorical labels improves ease of communication between individuals and communities.
It is imprecise.
What are the benefits of dimensional categorisation?
What are the limitations?
Allows better resolution of measuring how severe and how frequent symptoms are.
Dimensional measuring allows for much greater ability to measure symptom change.
Communication between individuals, communities, and other health professionals is more difficult.
