Lecture: HYPOXIA, MEDIC ALERT, AND ERP Flashcards
What is aptosis?
It is the programmed cell death
What is hypoxia?
Low or inadequtate oxygen delivery to the tissue cells (vital organs like heart, lungs have a lack of oxygen)
What is the triangle of life?
Head, heart lungs
What is regional vs general hypoxia
regional : reduced oxygen to one spefific area
general: whole body is lacking oxygen
what are the causes of hypoxia
inadequate oxygenation: lack of oxygen in atmosphere or hypoventilation)
pulmonary disease
venous to arterial shunts
inadequate oxygen transport to tissues (anemia, general/localized circulatory deficiency, tissue oedema)
inadequate tissue capability of using oxygen (ec
Early stages of hypoxia
RATT r=restlessness a= anxiety t=tachycardia (heart rate over 100 bpm) t=tachypnea (faster breathing rate)
Late stages of hypoxia
BEDC b=bradycardia (heart rate under 60 bpm) e=extreme restlessness d= dyspnea (slow breathing rate) c=cyanosis (extremities and lips will turn blue)
Effects of hypoxia (severe and less severe)
severe: can cause death of cells in body
less severe: depressed mental capacity, sometimes coma
reduced work capacity of muscles
Does high levels of altitude affect oxygen>
Yes, low oxygen pressure at high altitudes
normal for breathing and pulse rate to compensate
True or false: use of accessory breathing muscles is a sign of possible hypoxia
True
IS cyanosis a late or early sign of hypoxia?
LATE SIGN
When can hypoxia be seen (scenarios)
Myocardial infarction Pulmonary edema Acute narcotic overdose Smoke inhilation Stroke Chest injury Shock Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
What are signs of laboured breathing?
accessory muscles cyanosis cool, clammy skin uneven in/exhale lung sounds
What is agonal breathing
Occasional gasping breaths even when heart has stopped.
Impulses still from the brain
What is cheyne-strokes breathing
it is a Irregular pattern of breathing from head trauma or stroke.
Increased rate and depth of breathing, followed by apnea
(no spontaneous breathing).
EXplain look read call of MEDIC ALERT
1) look for a medic alaert with the certified medic alert logo
2) read the vital medical information on the back
3) call the 24/7 emergency hotline to provide you with all the vital information
Where can the medic alert bracelet be worn?
Neck, ankle, wrist
What does ERP stand for? What does EAP stand for>
Emergency response plan
Emergency action plan
What are some elements involved in an ERP>
Knowledge of injuries (for that event) Medical history & athlete info Facility safety (directions and entrances First aid equipment & supplies Responsibilities (charge and call person) Evaluation & Treatment Communication Transportation
When should an ERP be activated?
UNCONCIOUS or serious injury
What are the 3 types of risks in sport and explain
Moderate risk: sports with intermittent close contact
minimum risk: might have occasional hits, wont be often calling 911
severe risk: SPORTS THAT INVOLVE SPEED, HEIGHT AND A HIGH LEVEL OF PHYSICAL EXERTION
Is it important in your ERP to know the rules of the sport>
Yes it is importnant to know th eprotocols and the rules for if you are allowed to supply treatment without affecting the game
What do the pre season examination and medical questionnaires assess?
- Medical History
- Pre-existing conditions
- Underlying conditions
- Fit/safe to participate
- Treat conditions
- Legal liability
What is part of the inspection of facilities
know emergency exits
direct routes to area
clear of clutter and wide enough for equipment to go through
What is part of communication>
Talking to security and front office people
What is part of scene safety and PPE
must have Personal Protective equipment (PPE)
must assess Scene hazards- environmental, physical
What are the parts of a trauma kit
- Patient Monitoring Equipment
- Wound Care
- Medications
- AED
- Spinal board equipment
- Pocket mask
- BVM
- Oxygen kit
- Airway equipment- OPA, endotracheal
- Splints/immobilization devices
- Blankets
- Scissors
What are some important items in your fanny pack?
Things you need quickly/dependant on sport – Gloves – Gauze – Pocket mask – OPA – Athletic Tape – Scissors – Band aid
What are the parts of delegating responsibility
-Charge person (boss of situation)
– Control person (controlling crowd)
– Call person (charge phones, call 911)
– Equipment person (bringing in all the equpment)
– Assistant(s) (delegate and recrit if needeed, explain ERP and post it everywhere)
What is part of proper evaluation and treatment?
-Do your job and treat the injury
– Stay within your scope of practice
– Know when to activate advanced care
Why is communication an important part of the ERP
– Responder is link between athlete and rest of
health care team
comminates to patient/athlete, support staff, EMT/Ambulance,MD, parents
IMPORTANT TO Keep calm and confident
What are the 10 golden rules of communication?>
1) Make eye contact
2) Use proper name
3) Tell the truth!
4) Be understood
5) Be careful what is said to others
6) Body language
7) Speak slow and clear
8) Hearing impaired
9) Allow time for answer
10) Be calm and confident
What are the elements of transportation
with EMT/Ambulance:
-Responder assists in preparing for transport
– Debrief paramedics
with a friend:
– Provide map to hospital (PRINTED)
What are the 8 steps of the ERP in resume
- Address of location
- Venue Directions (include map and ambulance entrances)
- Location of AED’s and trauma equipment, phone access
- Roles of response team (Charge, Retrieval of equipment, Call person, Person who will meet ambulance)
- Steps to active E.R.P (Include security)
- Directions to hospital for self travel
- Report properly to EMS
- Follow up with athlete/parents/coach
What does prepare stand for?
P=personel r=rules e=equipment (removal if needed) p= planning (printed) a= arena (inspect area) r= rehersal (mock up before) e=evaluate and educate
