lecture 12: heat regulation

Question 1

factors that effect exposure to thermoregulatory injuries

Answer 1

physical condition
age
nutrition and hydration
environment

Question 2

how does the body lose heat (5 ways)

Answer 2

radiation (body heaet emitted to envinroment)
convection (air close to skin moves away taking hear with it)
conduction (dircet contact witth another surface
evaporation (sweat)
respiration

Question 3

what are causes of burns

Answer 3

chemicals
heat
electricty
radiation

Question 4

explain 1st degree burn

Answer 4

superfical (top later)

ex: sunburn

Question 5

explain 2nd degee burn

Answer 5

partical thickness

blisters

Question 6

explain 3rd degree burns

Answer 6

full thcickess

black or whitte charred tissue

Question 7

true or false: use ointment or petrolum products on burn

Answer 7

false

Question 8

what is the treatment for a burn

Answer 8

flush with cold water for 15 minutes

cover with loose dry steril dressing

Question 9

what are the 4 exertional heat illnesses

Answer 9

heat symcope
heat cramps
heat exhaustion
heat stroke

Question 10

what is heat syncope

Answer 10

orthostatic dizziness

dehydration, low BP, venous pooling

Question 11

SS of heat symcope

Answer 11

brief fainting
dizzy
tunnel vision
pale/sweating 
low HR

Question 12

treament of heat symcope

Answer 12

shade
vitals
cool skin
elevate legs above heart
hydrate

Question 13

true or false: heat cramps are sign that body is starting to overheat

Answer 13

true

Question 14

what are heat cramps

Answer 14

painful muscle spasms after vig excersize

Question 15

what are contributing factors to heat cramps

Answer 15

dehydration
electrolyte imbalance
fatigue
altered neuromuscular control

Question 16

SS of heat cramps

Answer 16

visible cramp ( legs/abdomen)
localized pain
thirst
dehydration
sweat
fatigue

Question 17

what is the core temp for heat cramps?

Answer 17

aslightly elevated core (37)

Question 18

treatment of exercise induced muscle cramps

Answer 18

rest
shade/cool
slight electrolyte beverage/water
passive stretching
ice/massage

Question 19

when can an athlete RTP with heat cramps

Answer 19

when cramps stop and no other signs
prevention from reoccuring

Question 20

what is core temp for exertional heat exhaustion

Answer 20

37-39

Question 21

SS of heat exhaustion

Answer 21

fatigue
profuse sweating ( high rate or volume of skin blood flow)
faint or collapses with minor cognitive changes ( headaches, dizziness, confusion)
pupils dilated
subnormal or normal temp
clammy skin
weakness
vomit
nausea
low BP
light headiness
impaired muscle coordination
can progress to heat stroke

Question 22

treament of heat exhaustion

Answer 22

REST
 Remove excess clothing/equipment
 Cool or shady place (Fans, ice towels, cold pack to armpits and chest)
 Monitor vital signs
 Fluid replacement (slowly sip a cool electrolyte-replacement beverage)
 Supine position with legs elevated
 Cool athlete until rectal temperature 38.3°C
 **If no improvement within 30 minutes, activate ERP
 Call EMS/9-1-1 if the person is vomiting, has an altered level of responsiveness, or is unable to
drink fluids

Question 23

which is the least common but most severe

Answer 23

heat stroke

Question 24

what is body temp for heat stroke

Answer 24

40.5

Question 25

what is first sign of EHS

Answer 25

CNS disfunction(Agression. collapse)

Question 26

SS of heat stroke

Answer 26

high core temp (above 40)
flushed or pale skin
hypotension (low bp)
constricted pupils
hot and dry skin
rapid, weak pulse becomes irregular
rapid and shallow breathing
dizziness
loss of balance
staggering
irritability/aggressive behaviour
headache
vision problems
disorientated
confusion
irritational or unsual behaviour
apathy
hysteria
delirium
collapse
progressive LOC
seizure or coma

Question 27

tx heat stroke

Answer 27

Remove excessive clothing/equipment
 Goal is to lower core temperature to less than 38.9 C (102F)
 Quickly immersed in a pool or tub of cold water (2 C - 14 C)
 Up to neck is most effective
 Stir for maximum cooling
(remain in care of AT or physician onsite until temp decreases and patient can be safely transported)

Question 28

treatment of heat related injuries

Answer 28

Heat (Muscle) Cramps
 Stop exercise, fluids, massage and stretch

 Heat Exhaustion
 Stop, cool the body, re-hydrate

 Heat Stroke
 Cool the body, medical attention, cold fluids, immerse in cool water

Question 29

t or f: heat exhaustion can occur over a period days

Answer 29

true.. can lead to more serious heat stroke

Question 30

differences between heat stroke and heat exhaustion

Answer 30

heat stroke: dry hot skin, pupils constricted, very high body temp
heat exhaustion: moist clammy skin, pupils dilated, normal subnormal temp