Lecture Flow Chart Flashcards
Cards over the chart made during Lecture
The immune system must
recognise friend from foe
Who is foe
nonself
Who is friend
self
What does the immune system use as its eyes
Markers
Examples of Markers
MHC I MHC II CD Ig TOLL-PAMP
“the name tag””
MHC I
MHC II
markers found on all nucleated cells
MHC I and MHC II
what does nucleated cells exclude
red blood cells
Where are CD markers found
T Cells
Where are Ig markers found
B Cells
Where are TOLL-PAMP markers found
white blood cells
APC and Macrophages
What does the immune system use as words
Cytokines
Examples of Cytokins
Bradykins
Interleukins
Histamines
prostagladin
Body Compartments
RES
ECF
Lymph sys
Vascular sys
Where is the lymph system most condensed
the extremites
Why is the lymphatic system more abundant in the hands and feet than the head
the extremities are more likely to incur injury
the lymphatic system functions as a drain off
importance of the Caridovasucular system
It is how everything gets around the body
RES?
Reticuloendothelial System
RES importance?
connect lymph and vascular system and the rest of the body
ECF
Extracellular Fluid
EFC importance?
allows the cells to move between the other 3 compartment
Lymphocytes EX
B Cells
T Cells
When do Lymphocytes participate in the immunity process
Specific
When do macrophages participate in the immunity process
Non-specific
Specific
Macrophages EX
phagocytes
When do dendrite participate in the immunity process
non-specific
specific
When do neutrophils appears in the immunity process
non-specific
When do basophils appears in the immunity process
non-specific
When do eosinophils appears in the immunity process
non-specific
What is the first line of defense called
Innate
What does innate mean
born with the immunity
Major types of innate immunity
Physical barrier
Chemical barrier
Genetic component
Skin, hair, and nails tears mucus membrane wax voiding Cilia
Physical barrier
How does genes play a part in innate immunity
the DNA expression is what allows for the body to have them
Lysozyme salt fatty acids Stomach Acid amylase
chemical barrier
what is the second line of defense called
Non-specific
why is it non-specific
The mechanisms employeed do not target a specific antigen
non-specific mechanisms
fever
inflammation
phagocytosis
antimicrobial proteins
Which markers recognize antigens
CD
Ig
which marker marks pathogens
TOLL-PAMP
What does fever do to the body
increases temp
increase WBC
Decreases pathogen metabolism
Decrease available Fe, sugar
Antimicrobial proteins
siderphores
complement
defensins
interferons
What are the outcomes of complement
Lysis
inflammation
opsonization
What is the process of inflammation
injury
vascular reaction
edema
resolution
What is the process of phagocytosis
Chemotaxis adhesion engulfment phagolysosome destruction elimination
what kind of cells release interferons
infected self
What kind of reaction is complement
it is a cascade reaction
what is a cascade reaction
when one event directly causes subsequent reactions to occur
what happens when the 2nd stage was overwhelmed
the 3rd, specific stage sets in
antibodies
neutralization agglutinate antitoxins opsonization Trigger complement
Specific process
maturation
presentation
activation
response
goal of Vaccination
prodution of memory cells
types of immunity
active natural
active artifical
passive natural
passive artifical
active natural
sickness
active artificial
Vaccination
passive natural
breast feeding; from mother
passive artificial
antibody therapy
Histamine cytokines causes
inflammation
Prostaglandin cytokines causes
wheezing
Bradykinin cytokines causes
increased mucous production
Leukotrienes cytokines triggers
mucous
where do the T Cells mature
The thymus
where do B Cells mature in the blood
the bone marrow
What happens in the presentation stage
APC shows T Cell antigens and T Cell shows B Cells
What happens during activation
Proloferation and differentiation
what do the lymphocytes differentiate into
B Cells make plasma and memory
T Cells make Helper T and memory
How do the lymphocytes respond
B Cells make antibodies
T Cells further differentiate
What are antibodies functions
complement coat neutralize agglutinate anti-toxin opsonization
hypersensitivies II
blood incompatibility
what happens when blood is incompatable
Self blood can call for antibodies to agglutinate nonself
why can mothers blood attack fetus blood
bc of Rh factor incompatibility
Hypersensitivies III
antibody complex
process of type III
Antibodies clump to attract chompenaters but sometimes they enter the capillary and trigger complement
Hypersensitivities IV
coordinates attack against the wrong cells
transplant rejection
graph v Host
host accepts tissue and the tissue has its own lymphocytes/immune system and mounts an attack on host
Host v Graft
host recognizes the graft as foreign and T Cells attack it
Secondary Immundeficency
organic disease, noninfection
Chemotherapy
Radiation
infection
Immune Cells
dendrites Basophils eosinophils neutrophils lymphocytes macrophages mast cells
Chompenators
Neutrophils
macrophages
dendrites
APC
B cells
dendrites
macrophages
what happens in type IV conatact dermititis
picks up allogen instead of antigens
