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MicroBio Immunity > Immunity vocab > Flashcards

Immunity vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

Outermost layer of skin

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2
Q

Immunology

A

Encompassses the study of all feautrues of the body’s 2nd and 3rd lines of defense

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3
Q

Self

A

Body cells

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4
Q

Non Self

A

foreign bodies

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5
Q

Markers

A

certain molecules on the surface of cells

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6
Q

Thymus

A

Where T cells mature

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7
Q

Lymph

A

Plasma like liquid carried by the lymphatic circulation

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8
Q

Lymph nodes

A

mall encapsulated bean-shaped orggans stationed along the lymphatic channels and large blood vessels

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9
Q

White Blood Cells

A

Leukocytes

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10
Q

Whole Blood

A

conssts of red blood cells and plasma, what is naturally seen

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11
Q

Hematopoieses

A

the process of forming new red blood cells

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12
Q

WBC

RBC

A

White blood cells

red blood cells

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13
Q

Red blood cells

A

erythrocytes

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14
Q

Platelets

A

thrombocytes

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15
Q

Histiocytes

A

specialized macrophages live in certain tissues and remain there

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16
Q

PAMP

A

Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern

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17
Q

PAMP definition

A

how cells identify some microbes as foreign

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18
Q

PRR

A

Pathogen Recognition Receptor

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19
Q

PRR definition

A

surface molecules on self cell that recognizes and binds to PAMP

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20
Q

Inflammatory response

A

a reaction to any traumatic event in the tissues

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21
Q

Vasoactive

A

affect the endothelial cells ans smooth muscle cells of blood vessels

affecting the diameter of the blood vessel

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22
Q

Edema

A

local swelling and hardness

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23
Q

Diapedesis

A

migration of WBC out of blood vessels into tissues

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24
Q

Chemotaxis

A

the tendecy for cells to move in response to specific chemical stimuli at the site if injury

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25
Q

FUO

A

Fever of unknown origin

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26
Q

Fever

A

abnormal elevated body temperature

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27
Q

IFN definition

A

a small protein produced naturally by certain white blood and tissue cells

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28
Q

IFN

A

Interferon

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29
Q

1st line defense

A

any barrier that blocks invasion at the portals of entry by any foreign agents

Bind to cell surfaces and induce changes in genetic expression

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30
Q

2nd line of defense

A

system of protective cells and fluids that act when the first line is circumvented

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31
Q

IFN Alpha

A

Stimulate phagocytes

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32
Q

IFN Beta

A

Stimulate Phagocytes

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33
Q

IFN Gamma

A

Product of T Cell

Immune regulator of macrophages and T & B cells

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34
Q

Cascade reaction

A

a sequence of physiological response in which the first substance activates the next substance and so on and so forth

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35
Q

Membrane Attack Complex

A

large ring of proteins that can digest holes in membranes

36
Q

Immunocompetence

A

the ability of the body to react to with countless foreign substances

37
Q

Antigens

A

immunogens

38
Q

Immunogens

A

typically protein or carbs molecules that stimulate a response by the T and B Cells that are highly individual and specific

39
Q

MHC

A

Major Histocompatability Complex

40
Q

MHC definition

A

Set of genes that code for human cell markers or receptors

41
Q

HLA

A

Human Leukocyte Antigen

42
Q

IG

A

Immunoglobulin

43
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Glycoprotein molecue that serves as the antigen receptors f B Cells and antibodies when secreted

44
Q

Antigen Binding Site

A

end of the forks formed by light and heavy chains

45
Q

Variable Regions

A

amino acid composition is highly varied from one clone to another on antigen binding sites

46
Q

Constant regions

A

amino acid content does not vary greatly from one antibody to another on antigen binding sites

47
Q

Clonal Expansion

A

B or T cell rapidly multiplies

48
Q

Clonal selection

A

the exact correct B or T cell is activate

49
Q

Clonal Deletion

A

the destruction of harmful clones that target self

50
Q

Epitope

A

Molecular fragment that signal that a molecule is foreign

51
Q

Hapton

A

Foreign material that is too small to illicit a response

52
Q

Alloantigens

A

cell surface markers and molecules that occur in some hosts of the same species but not other

53
Q

Superantigens

A

a group of immunogens

54
Q

APC

A

antigen presenting cell

55
Q

T Cell indepent anitgens

A

antigens that directly trigger the B Cells to respond without an APC or Hepler T

56
Q

Effector Cells

A

perform the action of the system

57
Q

NK

A

Natural Killer Cells

58
Q

Fragments (Ig)

A

segments on an Ig

59
Q

Fab

A

the arms that antigen are termed antigen binding fragments

60
Q

Fc

A

crystallizable fragments, the first segments to become chrystalized in its pure form

61
Q

Natural Immunity

A

any immunity gained through normal life experiences

62
Q

Artificial immunity

A

Protection acquired through medical procedures

63
Q

Active Immunity

A

the body is sensitized and produces antibodies

64
Q

Passive Immunity

A

the individual recieves antibodies produced in another body

65
Q

Neutralization

A

prevent proper antigen attachment

66
Q

Agglutinate

A

causes the antigen to clump

67
Q

antitoxins

A

neutralize exotoxins

68
Q

Opsonization

A

Marks a cell for destruction

69
Q

Immunopathology

A

the study of disease states assoiciated with overactivity or underactivity

70
Q

hyposensitivity disease

A

immunodeficency, immune functioni is incomplete, depressed, or destroyed

71
Q

Oversensitivity

A

the body cant distinguuish self from non-self

72
Q

Allergy

A

exaggerated immune response that is manifested by inflammation

73
Q

allergens

A

allergy causing antigen

74
Q

inhalant allergens

A

airborne

75
Q

ingestant allergens

A

enter by mouth

76
Q

Contactant allergens

A

enter through the skin

77
Q

Atopy

A

any chronic local allergy

78
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

systematic and potentially fatal reaction that involves airway obstruction and ciculatory collapse

79
Q

Cutaneous anaphylaxis

A

wheal and flare reaction to local injection of allergen

80
Q

Systemic anaphylaxis

A

sudden respiratory reaction

81
Q

Degranulation

A

a cellular process that releases antimicrobial cytotoxic or other molecules from secretory vesicles called granules found inside some cells

82
Q

alloantigens

A

molecules that differ in the same species

83
Q

autoimmunity

A

hypersensitivity to oneself

84
Q

Primary disease

A

acquired at birth and stemming from genetic error

85
Q

secondary disease

A

acquired after birth and caused by natural/artifical agents

MicroBio Immunity (5 decks)

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