Lecture 9 - Vocational Interests Flashcards
What are two factors that might influence career choices?
- Developmental experiences
- Individual differences
How might developmental experiences influence career choice?
Young children aspire to be in a gender stereotypic profession.
What did Su (2009) find out about gender differences and eventual job selection?
There is something larger than just gender which seems to determine job selection.
What does P-EF stand for?
Person-Environment Fit.
What does P-EF refer to?
The increased job satisfaction and performance when persona attributes combine well with work environment.
What are Holland’s 6 personality types?
- Realistic
- Investigative
- Artistic
- Social
- Enterprising
- Conventional
What are 4 features of Realistic ‘Do-er’ personality types?
Likes, Values, Avoids, Sees
- Likes to work with animals, tools or machines
- Values practical things you can see, touch or use.
- Avoids social activities
- Sees self as practical, mechanical and realistic.
What are 3 features of investigative ‘Thinker’ personality types?
(Likes, avoids, sees)
- Likes to study and solve maths or science problems
- Avoids leading, selling and persuading people
- Sees self as precise, scientific and intellectual.
What are 3 features of artistic ‘creator’ personality types?
Likes, avoids, sees
- Likes to ‘do’ and has good artistic abilities in creative activities.
- Avoids highly ordered or repetitive activities
- Sees self as expressive, original and independent.
What are 4 features of social ‘helper’ personality types?
Likes, avoids, values, sees
- Likes helping people, e.g. teaching, nursing, providing information
- Avoids using machines, tools or animals to achieve a goal.
- Values solving social problems
- Sees self as helpful, friendly and trustworthy.
What are 4 features of enterprising ‘persuader’ personality types?
(Likes, avoids, values, sees)
- Likes to lead and persuade people, and sell things and ideas.
- Avoids activities that require careful observation and scientific, analytical thinking.
- Values success in politics, leadership or business
- Sees self as energetic, ambitious and sociable.
What are 4 features of conventional personality types?
likes, avoids, values, sees
- Likes to work with numbers, records, or machines in a set and orderly way.
- Avoids ambiguous, unstructured activities
- Values success in business
- Sees self as orderly and good at following a set plan.
Does Holland’s model offer anything more than the Big 5 traits in predicting career specialism?
Yes. The Big 5 and vocational personality types are correlated, but not so much that they are the same construct.
What did Low et al., (2005) find about the variability of vocational interests across the lifespan?
Vocational interests are relatively stable across the lifespan.
What is the most widely used and researched theoretical P-EF model?
Holland’s vocational personality types.
What are Holland’s 6 vocational personality types also referred to as?
RIASEC or Holland’s codes.
What are vocational interests?
Preferences for certain activities - likes and dislikes, what you enjoy doing.
What is the main assumption of Holland’s vocational personality types?
Career decisions that people make satisfy their preferred personal orientations, and these orientations are influenced by their vocational interests.
Which of Holland’s personality types are typically male stereotyped according to Wood & Hampson (2010)?
Realistic, Investigative and Enterprising
Which of Holland’s personality types are typically female stereotyped according to Wood & Hampson (2010)?
Conventional, artistic and social
According to Wicherts (2010), which demonstrates the potential effects of vocational personality types on interests, participants with which types matched with which areas of interest in psychology?
S - Developmental, Clinical
E - Work, Organisational
I - Psychological methods, Psychonomics
Which groups of participants in Stoll et al., 2016) were more/less likely to be in full time employment 10 years after school?
More likely to be employed full time:
- Realistic
- Enterprising
Less likely to be employed full time:
- Females
- Artistic
- Social
Which groups of participants in Stoll et al., (2016) were more/less likely to be unemployed 10 years after leaving school?
More likely:
- Artistic
- Low grades
Less likely:
- Agreeable
- Conscientious
Which groups of participants in Stoll et al., (2016) were likely to have higher/lower gross incomes 10 years after leaving school?
Greater gross income: \+ Higher grades \+ Extraversion \+ Realistic \+ Full time employment
Lower gross income:
- Artistic
What was Prediger’s 3 factor model?
A representation of Holland’s 6 vocational personality types, with one general factor and two dimensional factors - people vs things and data vs ideas.
How useful was Prediger’s 3 factor model?
General factor was supported, but overall did not explain more than Holland’s original 6 types.
What are limitations of Holland’s theory/approach?
- Deems that people can be sorted into types, with no flexibility between them.
- Vocational interests predict job performance, but not job satisfaction
- Doesn’t explain where the vocational interests come from.
What does Gottfredson hypothesise about vocational interests?
4 different reasons/development points for career choice:
- cognitive growth: age-related growth in cognitive ability
- self-creation: increasingly self-directed development of self (social valuation and self-insight)
- circumscription: progressive elimination of least favored vocational alternatives.
- compromise: accommodation to constraints on implementing most favored alternatives.
What is trait complex theory?
A differential theory which integrates differences constructs (abilities, personality and interests) to better understand and predict outcomes.
What does VPI stand for?
Vocational Preference Inventory
What is the VPI for?
Vocational guidance and personnel selection
