Lecture 6 - Type and Trait Measures of Personality and Behavioural Competencies Flashcards
What are the similarities between type and trait approaches?
- They are both nomothetic
- They are both successful commercially, type used for development and trait used for recruitment and assessment.
What are the differences between type and trait approaches?
Type approaches put the theory first, and the quantitative measure second.
Trait approaches put the quantitative measure first and the theory second.
What does MBTI stand for?
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
What is the MBTI?
Most widely used measure of Jungian psychological type. Self-report questionnaire that assesses type preferences.
What is Jungian type theory?
Everyone can be sorted into different, distinct categories according to their preferences.
What are the 4 different scales according to Jungian type theory?
Extraversion (E) - Introversion (I)
Sensing (S) - Intuition (N)
Thinking (T) - Feeling (F)
Judging (J) - Perceiving (P)
What is the EI scale according to Jungian type theory and what does it mean for behaviour?
Whether an individual is extraverted or introverted. This is said to be decided by where the individual gets their energy from - either from within (Introverted) or from others (Extraverted).
What is the S-N scale according to Jungian type theory and what does it mean for behaviour?
Whether an individual uses their senses or intuition to perceive situations.
What is the T-F scale according to Jungian type theory and what does it mean for behaviour?
Whether an individual uses their head (Thinking), or their heart (Feeling) when they judge situations.
What is the J-P scale according to Jungian type theory and what does it mean for behaviour?
How an individual deals with the outer world and how they use it to motivate their behaviour. Individuals who use Judgement more will use T-F, while those who use perception will use S-N.
Js will not like deadlines, while Ps will use deadlines to motivate them.
What is the 15FQ+ and who’s factors is it based on?
Based on Raymond Cattell’s 16 factors. 15 Factor Questionnaire which assesses personality, and is used for selection, individual and team development, coaching and guidance.
What is one of the major criticisms of the trait approach, and who was it which argued it?
Often, the situation one is in can determine their behaviour, or at the very least influence it more than their traits do. Conley (1984) and Mischel (1968).
What do graduate assessment centres typically do and why?
Use simulations to stimulate behaviour - helps to eradicate biases in psychometric testing.
Define behaviour in terms of occupational psychology/
What an individual says, or does not say and what they do, or do not do, when something is expected of them.
Define competencies.
Buckets of grouped behaviours.
