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MSK (Musculoskeletal) Midterm > Lecture 9: Upper Extremity Arthrology > Flashcards

Lecture 9: Upper Extremity Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint (type and ligaments)

A
  • sellar synovial (saddle)
  • Anterior/Posterior Sternoclavicular L.
  • Interclavicular L.
  • Costoclavicular L.

also has articular disc

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2
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint (type and ligaments)

A
  • planar synovial
  • Acromioclavicular L.
  • Coracoclavicular L. (Trapezoid and Conoid Ls.)
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3
Q

Acromioclavicular Damage (Shoulder Separation) –> 2 types

A
  • Fall on elbow (dislocate joint)

- Fall on shoulder (dislocate joint and rupture coracoclavicular L.)

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4
Q

Glenohumeral Joint (type and ligaments)

A
  • ball and socket (spheroidal synovial)
  • Glenoid Labrum
  • Transverse Humeral L.
  • Coracohumeral L.
  • Coracoacromial L. (of Coracoacromial Arch)
  • Glenohumeral L.
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5
Q

What prevents superior dislocation of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Coracoacromial Arch

  • dislocation normally occurs inferior/anterior
  • seen in baseball pitchers
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6
Q

Humeroulnar Joint

A
  • ginglymus synovial (hinge)
  • Ulnar Collateral L. of the Elbow
    1. Posterior Band (weakest)
    2. Anterior Band (strongest)
    3. Oblique Band (deepens socket of humeral trochlea)
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7
Q

Humeroradial Joint

A
  • ginglymus synovial (hinge)

- Radial Collateral L. of the Elbow

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8
Q

What causes elbow dislocation?

A
  • tear of Ulnar Collateral L. of elbow due to force on long axis of Forearm
  • dislocated posteriorly
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9
Q

Olecranon Bursae (3)

A
  1. Subtendinous –> deep to triceps brachii. M.
  2. Intratendinous –> inside triceps brachii. T.
  3. Subcutaneous –> in subQ CT above olecranon
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10
Q

What are the two most commonly inflamed bursae?

A
  1. Subcutaneous Bursa

2. Biciptoradial Bursa

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11
Q

What is “Student’s/Dart Thrower’s/Miner’s Elbow”?

A

Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursitis

  • from excessive friction between skin and olecranon
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12
Q

Proximal, Middle, and Distal Radioulnar Joints

A

Proximal: trochoid synovial, Annular L.

Middle: syndesmosis, Oblique Cord, Interosseous M.

Distal: trochoid synovial, articular disc.

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13
Q

Dislocation of the Radial Head (“Nursemaid’s/Pulled Elbow”)

A
  • occurs from pulling on arm of child
  • Subluxation –> head below L.
  • Dislocation –> head lateral to L.
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14
Q

Radiocarpal Joint (type and ligaments)

A
  • condyloid synovial
  • Dorsal/Palmar Ulnocarpal Ls.
  • Dorsal/Palmar Radiocarpal Ls.
  • Ulnar Collateral L. of the Wrist
  • Radial Collateral L. of the Wrist
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15
Q

Intercarpal Joint (type and ligaments)

A
  • planar synovial
  • Anterior/Posterior Intercarpal Ls.
  • Pisohamate L.
  • interosseous membrane
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16
Q

Midcarpal Joint (type and location)

A
  • sellar synovial (saddle; cannot move like saddle joint)

- between proximal and distal carpal rows

17
Q

Carpometacarpal Joints (2 types and ligaments)

A

1st Carpometacarpal Joint = saddle joint
2nd-5th Carpometacarpal Joint = Planar synovial

  • Dorsal/Palmar Carpometacarpal Ls.
  • Radiate Carpal L. (from capitate)
  • Pisometacarpal L.
18
Q

Intermetacarpal Joints (type and ligaments)

A
  • planar synovial
  • Dorsal/Palmar Intermetacarpal Ls.
  • Interosseous Membrane
19
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joints (type and ligaments)

A
  • condylar synovial
  • Palmar L. (on anterior side)
  • Lateral Collateral L.
  • Medial Collateral L.
  • Deep Transverse Metacarpal L.
20
Q

What is “Bull Rider’s Thumb”?

A
  • spain of the Lateral Collateral L. of the 1st metacarpophalangeal joint
  • common in people who ride Mechanical Bulls
21
Q

What is “Skier’s/Game-keeper’s Thumb”?

A
  • laxity/rupture of both collateral L. of the 1st metacarpophalangeal Joint
22
Q

1st Interphalangeal Joint (type and ligaments)

A
  • hinge joint
  • Palmar L.
  • Lateral Collateral L.
  • Medial Collateral L.
23
Q

2nd-5th Proximal and Distal Interphalangeal Joints (type and ligaments)

A
  • hinge joint
  • Palmar L.
  • Lateral Collateral L.
  • Medial Collateral L.
24
Q

What is “Mallet/Baseball Finger”?

A
  • avulse attachment of long extensor tendon away from the distal phalanx
  • caused by sudden hyperflexion of distal phalanx
25
Q

Medial Intermuscular Septum of the Brachium

A
  • more neurology and vascularity in this region compared to Lateral
  • separates Brachium into Anterior and Posterior compartments
26
Q

Intermetacarpal Joints (type and ligaments)

A
  • planar synovial
  • Dorsal/Palmar Intermetacarpal Ls.
  • Interosseous Membrane
27
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joints (type and ligaments)

A
  • condylar synovial
  • Palmar L. (on anterior side)
  • Lateral Collateral L.
  • Medial Collateral L.
  • Deep Transverse Metacarpal L.
28
Q

What is “Bull Rider’s Thumb”?

A
  • spain of the Lateral Collateral L. of the 1st metacarpophalangeal joint
  • common in people who ride Mechanical Bulls
29
Q

What is “Skier’s/Game-keeper’s Thumb”?

A
  • laxity/rupture of both collateral L. of the 1st metacarpophalangeal Joint
30
Q

1st Interphalangeal Joint (type and ligaments)

A
  • hinge joint
  • Palmar L.
  • Lateral Collateral L.
  • Medial Collateral L.
31
Q

2nd-5th Proximal and Distal Interphalangeal Joints (type and ligaments)

A
  • hinge joint
  • Palmar L.
  • Lateral Collateral L.
  • Medial Collateral L.
32
Q

What is “Mallet/Baseball Finger”?

A
  • avulse attachment of long extensor tendon away from the distal phalanx
  • caused by sudden hyperflexion of distal phalanx
33
Q

Medial Intermuscular Septum of the Brachium

A
  • more neurology and vascularity in this region compared to Lateral
  • separates Brachium into Anterior and Posterior compartments
34
Q

What is a Synovial (Ganglion) Cyst?

A
  • irritation of synovial sheaths causing mucopolysaccharide accumulation
  • creates a lump
35
Q

What is the layering of the Palmar Carpal Ligament with the Flexor Retinaculum?

A
  • Palmar Carpal Ligament is superficial to Flexor Retinaculum
  • Flexor Retinaculum also makes up the Transverse Carpal L.
36
Q

What is the Superficial Transverse Metacarpal L. and what is it attached to?

A
  • base of the palmar aponeurosis

- attached to Palmaris Longus M.

37
Q

What is Dupuytren Contracture?

A
  • shortening, thickening, fibrosis of Palmar Aponeurosis and Palmar Fascia
  • partial flexion of 4th and 5th digits

MSK (Musculoskeletal) Midterm (15 decks)

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