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MSK (Musculoskeletal) Midterm > Lecture 15: Upper Extremity Neurology > Flashcards

Lecture 15: Upper Extremity Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

What is damaged in “Waiter’s Tip Position” or Erb-Duchenne Palsy and what does it look like?

A
  • damaged to Superior Brachial Plexus (C5/C6)
  • dramatically inc. angle between neck and shoulder
  • spinal roots removed from Spinal Cord
  • adducted and medially rotated arm, extended elbow
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2
Q

What is damaged in “Claw Hand” or Klumpke Paralysis and what does it look like?

A
  • damaged Inferior Brachial Plexus (C7/C8/T1)
  • dramatically inc. angle between trunk and upper limb
  • affects short hand muscles = claw hand
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3
Q

Compression of the CORDS of the Brachial Plexus is a result of what? What are the symptoms?

A
  • from prolonged periods of working with UL extended over head
  • pain down arm, loss of sensation, tingling, weakness of Hands
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4
Q

What is the cause of Musculocutaneous N. damage and what is affected?

A

cause: blunt force trauma
symptoms: paralysis of anterior Brachial muscles

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5
Q

What are the symptoms of damaged Axillary N. and what does it look like?

A

symptoms: loss of sensation over superolateral arm (Lateral Brachial Cutaneous N.)
appearance: atrophy of the Deltoid M.

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6
Q

What is “Ape’s Hand”?

A
  • injury to Median N. in the wrist

- adducted thumb and thenar eminence atrophy

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7
Q

What is “Hand of Benediction”?

A
  • injury to Median N. at the elbow
  • inhibit 2nd/3rd digit flexion
  • also has symptoms of Ape Hand
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8
Q

What is “Claw Hand”?

A
  • injury to Ulnar N.

- extensive loss of sensory and motor control in hand (cannot flex 4th/5th digits)

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9
Q

What is “Handlebar Neuropathy”?

A
  • compression of Ulnar N. at Hamulus of Hamate (like when riding a bike)
  • sensory loss on medial side, weakness of intrinsic hand muscles
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10
Q

What is “Wrist Drop”?

A
  • injury of Radial N.

- impairment of elbow extension and thumb abduction/extension

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11
Q

What do the Supraclavicular N.’s innervate?

A

cutaneous innervation of skin over Neck and Shoulder

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12
Q

What two nerves come off of the Roots of the Brachial Plexus and what do they innervate?

A
  1. Dorsal Scapular N. (Levator Scapulae/Rhomboids) –> C5

2. Long Thoracic N. (Serratus Anterior) –> C5-C7

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13
Q

What two nerves come off of the Superior Trunk of the Brachial Plexus and what do they innervate?

A
  1. Suprascapular N. (Supraspinatous and Infraspinatous)

2. Subclavian N. (Subclavius M.)

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14
Q

What nerve comes off of the Lateral Cord of the Brachial Plexus and what does it innervate?

A

Lateral Pectoral N. (Pectoralis Major M.)

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15
Q

What three nerves come off of the Posterior Cord of the Brachial Plexus and what do they innervate?

A
  1. Superior Subscapular N. (Subscapularis M.) –> C5-C6
  2. Inferior Subscapular N. (Subscapularis M. & Teres Major M.) –> C5-C6
  3. Thoracodorsal N. (Latissimus Dorsi) –> C6-C8
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16
Q

What three nerves come off of the Medial Cord of the Brachial Plexus and what do they innervate?

A
  1. Medial Pectoral N. (Pectoralis Major and Minor M.)
  2. Medial Brachial Cutaneous N. (medial upperarm skin)
  3. Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous N. (medial forearm skin)
17
Q

What are the levels of innervation for the Branches of the Brachial Plexus?

A
  1. Musculocutaneous N. –> C5-C7
  2. Axillary N. –> C5-C6
  3. Median N. –> C5-T1
  4. Radial N. –> C5-T1
  5. Ulnar N. –> C8-T1
18
Q

What does the Axillary N. innervate and what is the cutaneous branch that comes off of it?

A

innervates: Teres Minor and Deltoid M.
branch: Superior Lateral Cutaneous N. (skin upper lateral arm)

19
Q

What does the Musculocutaneous N. innervate and what is the cutaneous branch that comes off of it?

A

innervates: Biceps Brachii, Coracobrachialis, Brachialis M.
branch: Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous N. (skin lateral forearm)

20
Q

What muscles do the Median N. directly innervate? (4)

A
  • Pronator Teres M.
  • Flexor Carpi Radialis M.
  • Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.
  • Palmaris Longus M.
21
Q

What cutaneous branch comes off of the Median N. and what does it innervate?

A

Palmar Cutaneous Branch

  • skin of the palm
22
Q

What does the Anterior Interosseous N. innervate? (3)

A
  • Lateral 1/2 of Flexor Digitorum Profundus M.
  • Flexor Pollicis Longus M.
  • Pronator Quadratus M.
23
Q

What does the Recurrent Branch of the Median N. innervate? (3)

A
  • 1/2 Flexor Pollicis Longus M.
  • Abductor Pollicis Brevis M.
  • Opponens Pollicis M.
24
Q

What do the Median and Lateral branches of the Median N. innervate? What are the their nerve branches?

A

innervate: 1st and 2nd lumbricals
branches: Common Palmar Digital N. –> Proper Palmar Digital N.

25
Q

What does the Ulnar N. directly innervate? (2)

A
  • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M.

- Medial 1/2 Flexor Digitorum Profundus M.

26
Q

What are the two cutaneous nerves that come off of the Ulnar N. and what do they innervate?

A
  1. Dorsal Cutaneous Branch of Ulnar N. (Skin dorsal hand)

2. Palmar Cutaneous Branch of Ulnar N. (palm skin)

27
Q

What does the Superficial Ulnar N. innervate? (3)

A
  • Abductor Digiti Minimi M.
  • Flexor Digiti Minimi M.
  • Opponens Digiti Minimi M.
28
Q

What does the Deep Ulnar N. innervate? (4)

A
  • 1/2 Flexor Pollicis Brevis M.
  • Adductor Pollicis M.
  • Dorsal/Palmar Interossei M.
  • 3rd/4th lumbricals
29
Q

What are the 3 cutaneous nerves of the Radial N. and what do they innervate?

A
  1. Posterior Brachial Cutaneous N. (post. arm skin)
  2. Inferior Lateral Brachial Cutaneous N. (inf. aspect of lateral arm)
  3. Posterior Antebrachial Cutaneous N. (posterior forearm)
30
Q

What does the Radial N. directly innervate? (4)

A
  • Triceps Brachii M.
  • Anconeus M.
  • Brachioradialis M.
  • Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M.
31
Q

What does the Deep Radial N. innervate? (2)

A
  • Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M.

- Supinator M.

32
Q

What does the Posterior Interossei M. travel under and what does it innervate?

A
  • travels under supinator muscle

- innervates rest of forearm extensors

33
Q

What nerve travels through the Anatomical Snuff Box and what are its branches?

A

Superficial Radial N.

branches: Dorsal Digital N. –> Dorsal Branches Dorsal Digital N.

MSK (Musculoskeletal) Midterm (15 decks)

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