Lecture 5: Back Angiology/Neurology

Question 1

What cervical transverse foramen does the Vertebral A. NOT pass through?

Answer 1

Transverse Foramen of C7

Question 2

What are the 8 sources of the Paraspinal Arteries?

Answer 2

1. Vertebral A.
2. Ascending Cervical A.
3. Deep Cervical A.
4. Posterior Intercostal A.
5. Subcostal A.
6. Lumbar A.
7. Iliolumbar A.
8. Lateral Sacral A.

Question 3

What are the two spinal root arteries that DO NOT supply the Anterior and Posterior Spinal Arteries?

Answer 3

Posterior Radicular A.

Anterior Radicular A.

Question 4

What are the two spinal root arteries that DO supply the Anterior and Posterior Spinal Arteries?

Answer 4

Posterior Segmental Medullary A.

Anterior Segmental Medullary A.

Question 5

What vertebral arteries supply the anterior and posterior vertebral column?

Answer 5

Posterior Vertebral Canal Branch

Anterior Vertebral Canal Branch

Question 6

What artery does the Nutrient A. branch off of and what does it supply?

Answer 6

• produced by Anterior Vertebral Canal Branch

- supply Marrow Cavity of Vertebral Body

Question 7

What are the veins of the vertebral cord? (7)

Answer 7

Anterior Medullary V.
Posterior Medullary V.
Anterior Radicular V.
Posterior Radicular V.
Intervertebral V.

External and Internal Vertebral Venous Plexes

Question 8

What level does the spinal cord end at and what structure does it end in?

Answer 8

• ends at L1/L2 lvl

- medullary cone is the last structure

Question 9

Spinal Cord injury at C1-C3

Answer 9

no function below head, respirator necessary for life

Question 10

Spinal Cord injury at C4-C5

Answer 10

no function of limbs, respiratory capable

Question 11

Spinal Cord injury C6-C8

Answer 11

loss of hand and variable upper limb functioin

Question 12

Spinal Cord injury T1-T9

Answer 12

paralysis of bother lower limbs

Question 13

Spinal Cord injury T10-L1

Answer 13

some thigh muscle function, long leg brace walking

Question 14

Spinal Cord injury L2-L3

Answer 14

mot lower limb function present, short leg brace walking

Question 15

Where is the cerebro-spinal fluid located at?

Answer 15

Subarachnoid Space

Question 16

What are the nerves from posterior rami of C1-C3?

Answer 16

C1 –> suboccipital N.
C2 –> greater occipital N.
C3 –> least occipital N.

Question 17

What do the Superior and Middle Cluneal Ns. innervate?

Answer 17

Butt Skin

Superior: L1-L3
Middle: S1-S3

Question 18

What are the nerve levels of: Cervical, Brachial, Lumbar, and Sacral Plexuses?

Answer 18

Cervical = C1-C4
Brachial = C5-T1
Lumbar = L1-L4
Sacral = L5-S5

Question 19

What level does the Subcostal N. come from?

Answer 19

T12

Question 20

Branches of the Posterior Rami (medial vs lateral)

Answer 20

1. Medial Branch –> Articular (joint), Muscular (muscle), Cutaneous (skin)
2. Lateral Branch –> Muscular (muscle), Cutaneous (skin)