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MSK (Musculoskeletal) Midterm > Lecture 10: Upper Extremity Myology > Flashcards

Lecture 10: Upper Extremity Myology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 Thoracoappendicular Muscles?

A
  1. Pectoralis Major M.
  2. Pectoralis Minor M.
  3. Subclavius M.
  4. Serratus Anterior M.
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2
Q

Pectoralis Major M. action

A
  • ADduct/medially rotate Humerus
  • protract/depress Scapula
  • flex humerus
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3
Q

Pectoralis Minor M. action

A
  • protract/depress Scapula (stabilize)
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4
Q

Subclavius M. action

A

positions/depresses clavicle

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5
Q

Serratus Anterior M. action

A
  • protracts scapula

- rotates Glenoid Cavity superiorly

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6
Q

What is “Winging of the Scapula” and what are its symptoms?

A
  • Paralysis of Serratus Anterior from Long Thoracic N. injury
  • abducting upper limb beyond horizontal position difficult
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7
Q

What are the 4 Rotator Cuff muscles and what is their common function?

A
  1. Supraspinatous M.
  2. Infraspinatous M.
  3. Subscapularis M.
  4. Teres Minor M.
  • hold humeral head in Glenoid Cavity
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8
Q

Deltoid M. actions (Anteior, Middle, Posterior)

A

Anterior –> flex/medially rotate humerus

Middle –> ABduct humerus

Posterior –> extend/laterally rotate humerus

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9
Q

Subscapularis M. action

A
  • medially rotate, ADduct humerus
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10
Q

Supraspinatous M. action

A
  • ABduct humerus
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11
Q

Infaspinatous M. action

A
  • laterally rotates humerus
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12
Q

Teres Minor M. action

A
  • laterally rotates humerus
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13
Q

Teres Major M. action

A
  • ADduct/medially rotate humerus
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14
Q

Which Rotator Cuff Muscle is the most commonly torn and what does damage to the Rotator Cuff lead to?

A
  • Supraspinatous muscle

- injure or tear leads to instability to Glenohumeral Joint

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15
Q

Biceps Brachii M action

A
  • flex humerus, supine forearm
  • supinates forearm

Short Head resists dislocation

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16
Q

Bicipital Myotactic Reflex

A
  • strike Bicipital Tendon w/reflex hammer = reflex

- no reflex = damaged to Musculocutaneous N. or C5/C6 Anterior Rami

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17
Q

Biceps Tendinitis and “Popeye Deformity”

A
  • repetitive movement of Biceps Long Head through Intertuburcular Groove can cause inflammation
  • Long Head separates from groove = muscle balling up in the mid arm
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18
Q

Coracobrachialis M. action

A
  • flex/ADduct humerus
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19
Q

Brachioradialis M. action

A
  • flex forearm
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20
Q

Triceps Brachii M. action

A
  • extend forearm

Long Head resists dislocation

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21
Q

Anconeus M. action

A
  • stabilizes elbow joint

- w/Triceps = extend forearm

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22
Q

What are the 4 superficial flexor muscles?

A
  1. Pronator Teres M.
  2. Flexor Carpi Radialis M.
  3. Palmaris Longus M.
  4. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M.
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23
Q

Pronator Teres M. action

A
  • pronate/flex forearm
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24
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis M. action

A
  • flex forearm

- flex/ABduct hand @ wrist

25
Q

Palmaris Longus M. action

A
  • flex forearm

- flex hand and tenses palmar aponeurosis

26
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M. action

A
  • flex forearm

- flex/ADduct hand @ wrist

27
Q

What is the intermediate flexor muscle?

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.

28
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.

A
  • flex forearm
  • flex hand @ wrist
  • flex 2-5 digit proximal and intermediate phalanges
29
Q

What are the 3 deep flexor muscles?

A
  1. Flexor Digitorum Profundus M.
  2. Flexor Pollicis Longus M.
  3. Pronator Quadratus M.
30
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus M. action

A
  • flex hand @ wrist

- flex ALL phalanges of digits 2-5 at ALL joints

31
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus M. action

A
  • flex hand @ wrist
  • flex both thumb phalanges at Intercarpal Joint
  • ABduct 1st metacarpal at 1st Carpometacarpal Joint
32
Q

Pronator Quadratus M. action

A
  • pronate forearm

- deeply hold Radius and Ulna together

33
Q

What are the 6 superficial extensor muscles?

A
  1. Brachioradialis M.
  2. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M.
  3. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M.
  4. Extensor Digitorum M.
  5. Extensor Digiti Minimi M.
  6. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M.
34
Q

Brachioradialis M. action

A
  • flex forearm
35
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M. action

A
  • extend/ABduct hand @ wrist
36
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M. action

A
  • extend/ABduct hand @ wrist
37
Q

Extensor Digitorum M. action

A
  • extend hand @ wrist

- extend all phalanges of digits 2-5 at all joints

38
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi M. action

A
  • extend all phalanges of digit 5 at all joints
39
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M. action

A
  • extend/ADduct hand @ wrist
40
Q

What is “Tennis Elbow”?

A
  • repetitive use of Superficial Extensors

- pain over Lateral Epicondyle and down posterior forearm

41
Q

What are the 2 deep extensor muscles?

A
  1. Supinator M.

2. Extensor Indicis M.

42
Q

Supinator M. action

A
  • supinate forearm
43
Q

Extensor Indicis M. action

A
  • extend hand @ wrist

- extend 2nd digit

44
Q

What are the 3 Outcropping Muscles of the deep extensor layer? (ANATOMICAL SNUFF BOX)

A
  1. Abductor Pollicis Longus M.
  2. Extensor Pollicis Longus M.
  3. Extensor Pollicis Brevis M.
45
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus M. action

A
  • ABduct hand @ wrist

- ABduct thumb @ carpometacarpal joint

46
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus M. action

A
  • ABduct hand @ wrist

- extend 1st metacarpal, proximal, and distal phalanges of thumb

47
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis M. action

A
  • ABduct hand

- extend 1st metacarpal and proximal phalanx

48
Q

What structures are found in the Anatomical Snuff Box?

A
  • Radial A. (deep to tendons)

- Superficial Radial N. (superficial to tendons)

49
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the thenar eminence?

A
  1. Abductor Pollicis Brevis M.
  2. Opponens Pollicis M.
  3. Flexor Pollicis Brevis M.
  4. Adductor Pollicis M.
50
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis M. action

A
  • ABduct thumb
51
Q

Opponens Pollicis M. action

A
  • oppose thumb
52
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis M. action

A
  • flex 1st metacarpal and proximal phalanx of thumb
53
Q

Adductor Pollicis M. action

A
  • ADduct thumb
54
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the hypothenar eminence?

A
  1. Abductor Digiti Minimi M.
  2. Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis M.
  3. Opponens Digiti Minimi M.
55
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi M. action

A
  • ABduct 5th digit
56
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis M. action

A
  • flex proximal phalanx of 5th digit
57
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi M. action

A
  • oppose 5th digit
58
Q

1st and 2nd Lumbrical action

A
  • flex proximal phalanges of digits 2/3

- extend intermediate/distal phalanges of digits 2/3 by tightening extensor expansion

59
Q

3rd and 4th Lumbrical action

A
  • flex proximal phalanges of digits 4/5

- extend intermediate/distal phalanges of digits 4/5 by tightening extensor expansion

MSK (Musculoskeletal) Midterm (15 decks)

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