Lecture 9- Parenting Flashcards
What are the two theories of parenting?
Dimensional- several distinction dimensions to parenting
Categorical- identifies overall parenting styles
What does Baumrind’s theory state about parenting?
1) 4 styles that fit into 2 dimension
2) these dimensions are orthogonal (Independent of each other)
3) Parental responsiveness = parents approach to parent-child interactions
2) parental demandingness= parental discipline and control of the child
What are the 4 parenting styles that come under the 2 dimensions of parenting?
1) Neglectful
2) Authoritarian
3) Permissive
4) Dependable (Authoritative)
Describe the dependable (authoritative) parenting style
1) both demanding and responsive
2) strict, consistent and loving
3) issue orientated
4) adjust expectations to child’s needs
5) aim to support the development of child self-regulation
Describe the authoritarian parenting style?
1) demanding, low responsiveness
2) expect obedience
3) rules are unbending
4) distant relationship
5) obedience to a higher authority is a virtue
6) A loving parent aims to break their will
Describe permissive parenting style?
1) highly responsive not demanding
2) warm acceptance of child impulses
3) fewer rules- no structure
4) more reward
5) asked child opinions on major decisions
6) aims for a child to be free and happy
Describe neglectful parenting style
1) Neither demanding nor responsive
2) little structure
3) distant
4) all interactions minimized
How is parenting style developed?
- our childhood
- society expectations
- resources available
What are the effects of dependable parenting?
Most beneficial style
1) Encourages self-control (good academic/job success)
2) decrease internalizing problems- encourages self-worth
3) decrease externalizing problems and good social skills
4)negative effect on physical development
What effects does authoritarian parenting have?
1) deficits in cognitive, emotional, social development
2) low self-esteem, low social competence
What effect does permissive parenting have?
1) low academic achievement, higher academic self-esteem
2) less suicidal though- more depressive symptoms
3) higher weight, but healthier
4) emotional development and well being is positively affected
What effect does neglectful parenting have?
1) negative outcome in all domains
2)low academic achievement and self-esteem
3)) poor social competence and peer rejection
4)poor physical health
What dimensions did Shaefer observe?
1) Parental Warmth
2) Parental Autonomy Support
3) Parental Structure
What is parental warmth?
1) describe parent-child interactions
2) embodies connectedness
What is parental autonomy support?
1) freedom parent allows child
2) giving child the opportunity to make decisions for themselves
3) only develop autonomy by exercising it
What is parental structure?
1) expression of clear expectations for child behaviour
2) provides routine for child to master
What does the self-determination theory state about parenting?
we have three basic needs
1) Autonomy= capacity to make choices
2) Competence= practical ability t0 function
3) relatedness= sense of connection to others
Good parenting promotes the child’s development of basic needs.
Why is too much parental autonomy bad for child?
children need structure
Why too much structure bad for child?
children need autonomy
Why is too much warmth bad for child?
smoother’s autonomy and undermines structure
What is intensive parenting?
due to the decrease in parent style
1) allows parents to invest more time and attention in each child
2) perceived increase in competition and uncertain encourages parents to invest further
Parental structure increase when economic quality and security are low
the negatives of intensive parenting are…
autonomy and warmth can be conditional
What is helicopter parenting?
1) hyper involved and use inappropriate strategies to protect the child
2) complete tasks themselves
3) undermines child independence and engagement in age-appropriate tasks
4) creates adolescents who are low in autonomy and incompetence
What is tiger parenting?
1) high in responsiveness and demandingness
2) emphasis on academic achievement
3) warmth is conditional
