Lecture 9- Parenting

Question 1

What are the two theories of parenting?

Answer 1

Dimensional- several distinction dimensions to parenting
Categorical- identifies overall parenting styles

Question 2

What does Baumrind’s theory state about parenting?

Answer 2

1) 4 styles that fit into 2 dimension
2) these dimensions are orthogonal (Independent of each other)
3) Parental responsiveness = parents approach to parent-child interactions
2) parental demandingness= parental discipline and control of the child

Question 3

What are the 4 parenting styles that come under the 2 dimensions of parenting?

Answer 3

1) Neglectful
2) Authoritarian
3) Permissive
4) Dependable (Authoritative)

Question 4

Describe the dependable (authoritative) parenting style

Answer 4

1) both demanding and responsive
2) strict, consistent and loving
3) issue orientated
4) adjust expectations to child’s needs
5) aim to support the development of child self-regulation

Question 5

Describe the authoritarian parenting style?

Answer 5

1) demanding, low responsiveness
2) expect obedience
3) rules are unbending
4) distant relationship
5) obedience to a higher authority is a virtue
6) A loving parent aims to break their will

Question 6

Describe permissive parenting style?

Answer 6

1) highly responsive not demanding
2) warm acceptance of child impulses
3) fewer rules- no structure
4) more reward
5) asked child opinions on major decisions
6) aims for a child to be free and happy

Question 7

Describe neglectful parenting style

Answer 7

1) Neither demanding nor responsive
2) little structure
3) distant
4) all interactions minimized

Question 8

How is parenting style developed?

Answer 8

• our childhood
• society expectations
• resources available

Question 9

What are the effects of dependable parenting?

Answer 9

Most beneficial style
1) Encourages self-control (good academic/job success)
2) decrease internalizing problems- encourages self-worth
3) decrease externalizing problems and good social skills
4)negative effect on physical development

Question 10

What effects does authoritarian parenting have?

Answer 10

1) deficits in cognitive, emotional, social development
2) low self-esteem, low social competence

Question 11

What effect does permissive parenting have?

Answer 11

1) low academic achievement, higher academic self-esteem
2) less suicidal though- more depressive symptoms
3) higher weight, but healthier
4) emotional development and well being is positively affected

Question 12

What effect does neglectful parenting have?

Answer 12

1) negative outcome in all domains
2)low academic achievement and self-esteem
3)) poor social competence and peer rejection
4)poor physical health

Question 13

What dimensions did Shaefer observe?

Answer 13

1) Parental Warmth
2) Parental Autonomy Support
3) Parental Structure

Question 14

What is parental warmth?

Answer 14

1) describe parent-child interactions
2) embodies connectedness

Question 15

What is parental autonomy support?

Answer 15

1) freedom parent allows child
2) giving child the opportunity to make decisions for themselves
3) only develop autonomy by exercising it

Question 16

What is parental structure?

Answer 16

1) expression of clear expectations for child behaviour
2) provides routine for child to master

Question 17

What does the self-determination theory state about parenting?

Answer 17

we have three basic needs
1) Autonomy= capacity to make choices
2) Competence= practical ability t0 function
3) relatedness= sense of connection to others

Good parenting promotes the child’s development of basic needs.

Question 18

Why is too much parental autonomy bad for child?

Answer 18

children need structure

Question 19

Why too much structure bad for child?

Answer 19

children need autonomy

Question 20

Why is too much warmth bad for child?

Answer 20

smoother’s autonomy and undermines structure

Question 21

What is intensive parenting?

Answer 21

due to the decrease in parent style
1) allows parents to invest more time and attention in each child
2) perceived increase in competition and uncertain encourages parents to invest further

Parental structure increase when economic quality and security are low

Question 22

the negatives of intensive parenting are…

Answer 22

autonomy and warmth can be conditional

Question 23

What is helicopter parenting?

Answer 23

1) hyper involved and use inappropriate strategies to protect the child
2) complete tasks themselves
3) undermines child independence and engagement in age-appropriate tasks
4) creates adolescents who are low in autonomy and incompetence

Question 24

What is tiger parenting?

Answer 24

1) high in responsiveness and demandingness
2) emphasis on academic achievement
3) warmth is conditional