Lecture 9: Nasal Cavity and Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards
What structures compose the bony part of external nose?
- Nasal Bones
- Frontal Part of Maxilla
- Nasal Part of frontal bone and nasal spine
- Bony part of nasal septum
What structures compose the Cartilaginous part of the nose?
- 2 lateral cartilages
- 2 alar cartilages (major and minor)
- Septal Cartilage (nasal septum)
What structures make up nasal septum?
- Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
- Vomer
- Septal Cartilage
- Nasal Crests of Maxillary and Palantine Bones
Which conchae are part of the ethmoid bone and which one is independent?
Ethmoid Bone: Superior and middle nasal conchae
Independent: Inferior nasal concha
What is the nasal mucosa connected to?
- Periostium of the bony parts of the nasal cavity
- Perichondrium of cartilagenous nasal components
What is the area called that is lined with mucosa?
- Inferior ⅔ of nose: Respiratory Area
- Superior ⅓ of nose: Olfactory Area
What are the boundaries of the nasal cavity?
- Roof: Frontal, Ethmoid, and Sphenoid Bone
- Floor: Palantine Process of Maxilla and Horizontal plate of palantine bone
- Medial Wall: Nasal Septum
- Lateral Wall: Superior, Middle, and Inferior Nasal Conchae
What are the four nasal cavity passages?
- Spheno-ethmoidal Recess
- Superior Nasal Meatus
- Middle Nasal Meatus
- Inferior Nasal Meatus
What does the Spheno-ethmoidal Recess open into?
Sphenoid Sinus
What does the Superior Nasal Meatus open into?
Ethmoidal Sinuses
What does the Middle Nasal Meatus open into?
Frontal and Maxillay Sinus
What does Inferior Nasal Meatus the open into?
Nasolacrimal Duct
What arteries supply the nasal cavity?
- Maxillary Artery
- Sphenopalatine Artery
- Greater Palantine Artery
- Facial Artery
- Superior Labial Artery
- Lateral Nasal Branches
- Ophthalmic Arteries
- Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal Arteries
What is Kiesselbach’s Area?
Capillary bed anastamosis between Maxillary A., Facial A., & Opthalmic A. branches in the nasal septum
Can cause epistaxis (nosebleeds)
What veins drain the nasal cavity?
- Sphenopalatine Vein
- Facial Vein
- Ophthalmic Vein
Maxillary Sinus
What does it drain?
What is the arterial supply?
What is the innervation?
- Drains: Maxillary ostium into middle meatus
- Blood Supply: Superior Alveolar Branches (Maxillary A.) and Greater Palatine Artery
- Innervation: Superior Alveolar Nerve
Ethmoid Sinus
What does it drain?
What is the arterial supply?
What is the innervation?
- Drains: Ethmoid air cells located between orbits
-
Blood Supply: Ethmoidal Artery from Ophthalmic Artery
- From ECA
- Innervation: Nasociliary Nerves (CN V1)
Sphenoid Sinus
What does it drain?
What is the arterial supply?
What is the innervation?
- Drains: Spheno-ethmoidal recess
- Blood Supply: Posterior Ethmoidal Artery
- Innervation: Posterior Ethmoidal Nerve
Frontal Sinus
What does it drain?
What is the arterial supply?
What is the innervation?
- Drains: Frontonasal Duct into middle meatus
- Blood Supply: Supraorbital Artery and Anterior Ethmoidal Artery
- Innervation: Supraorbital Nerve (CN V1)
What nervous fibers arise from the superior cervical ganglion?
Postsynaptic sympathetics
What are the boarders of the Pterygopalatine Fossa
Anterior
Posterior
Medial
Lateral
Roof
Floor
Anterior - Maxillary tuberosity
Posterior - Pterygoid process of sphenoid (lateral plate)
Medial - perpendicular plate of palatine bone
Lateral - Opens into infratemporal fossa
Roof - Incomplete greater wing of sphenoid
Floor - Pyramidal process of palatine bone
What are the openings in the Pterygopalatine Fossa
Superior - Opens into inferior orbital fissure
Inferior - Closed except for palatine foramen
What is the main Never supply in the Pterygopalatine Fossa
Maxillary A. (V2)
What are the contents of the Pterygopalatine Fossa
Maxillary Nerve (CN V2)
Ptergopalatine ganglion
Third part of Maxillary Artery
What are the Nervous Structures of the Pterygopalatine Fossa
- Pterygopalatine ganglion
- Maxillary N. (V2)
- Infraorbital N.
- Greater Palatine
- Lesser Palatine
- Nasopalatine N. branches
- Orbital branches (V2)
- Zygomatic N.
- Nerve to Pterygoid Canal (Greater and deep petrosal N.)
What is the main artery of the Ptergopalatine Fossa
Maxillary Artery (Ptergopalatine part)
What are the Arteries found in the Pterygopalatine Fossa
- Descending Palatine A.
- Posterior-superior alveolar A.
- Infraorbital A.
- Artery of Pterygoid Canal
- Sphenopalatine A.
