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NeuroEndo Exam 1 > Lecture 10: Oral Cavity and Pharynges > Flashcards

Lecture 10: Oral Cavity and Pharynges Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the hard and soft palate found?

A
  • Hard Palate: Anterior ⅔ of palate
    • Hard and Bony
    • Separates oral cavity from nasal cavity
  • Soft Palate: Posterior ⅓ of palate
    • Soft and Muscular
    • Helps close off opening to nasopharynx when swallowing
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2
Q

What extends inferiorly from posterior part of the soft palate?

A

Uvula

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3
Q

What happens to the soft palate and uvula when swallowing?

Why?

A

Soft palate and uvula will rise up to close of nasopharynx, closing of air tube

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4
Q

Where are the palatine tonsils found?

What do they do?

A

Location: Between glossopalantine (anterior) and pharyngopalantine (posterior) arches

Function: Detects antigens in food and drink and can stimulate innate immune response if necessary

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5
Q

Explain the innervation of the tongue.

A

Anterior ⅔ of Tongue

  • Taste: Chorda Tympani (from CN VII)
  • Sensory: Lingual Nerve (from CN V3)

Posterior ⅓ of Tongue

  • Taste: Glosspharyngeal (CN IX)
  • Sensory: Glosspharyngeal (CN IX)

Motor Function of Tongue

  • Hypoglossal (CN XII)
    • All tongue muscles except palatoglossus (CN X)
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6
Q

What tonsils are found in the posterior surface of the tongue?

A

Lingual Tonsils

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7
Q

What are the three salivary glands?

A
  • Parotid: largest gland
  • Submandibular: makes the most saliva
  • Sublingual: makes more mucous saliva
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8
Q

Parasympathetic axons from what nerve stimulates parotid salivary secretions?

A
  1. Originate from CN IX (Glossopharyngeal Nerve)
  2. Tympanic Nerve –> Lesser Petrosal Nerve
  3. Synapse at Otic Ganglion
  4. Auriculotemporal Nerve to Parotid Gland
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9
Q

Parasympathetic axons in what cranial nerve stimulates salivary secretion in the sublingual and submandibular gland?

A
  1. Originate from CN VII (Facial Nerve)
  2. Chorda Typmani
  3. Synapse at Submandibular Ganglion
  4. Lignual Nerve synapses at submandibular and sublingual glands
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10
Q

Where do roots of the teeth fit into?

A

Dental Alveoli

-Sockets within alveolar processes of both maxillae and manidble

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11
Q

What forms a gomphosis joint of the teeth?

A
  • Roots
  • Dental Alveoli
  • Periodontal Ligament
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12
Q

Label the Diagram

A
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13
Q

How would you anesthetize all your teeth?

A

Lower Dentition

  • Knock out Inferior Alveolar Nerve (Branch of V3)
  • Inject near Pterygomandibular Raphe

Upper Dentition

  • Knock out Superior Posterior Alveolar Nerve for posterior teeth (Branch of V2)
  • Knock out Infraorbital Nerve for anterior teeth (Branch of V2)

I’m not 100% sure about this so lemme know please

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14
Q

Where do the Buccinator Muscle and Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor meet?

A

Pterygomandibular Raphe

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15
Q

What are the pharyngeal constrictors innervated by?

What about stylopharyngeus muscle?

A

Pharygneal Constrictors:

  • Main: CN X (Vagus) innervates most pharyngeal structures
  • Also some from CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)

Stylopharyngeus: CN IX only

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16
Q

What is the role of the pharynx?

A
  • Body cavity that connects the nasal and oral cavities with the larynx (anterior) and esophagus (posterior)
    • commonly referred to as the throat.
  • Helps with process of swallowing
17
Q

What composes Waldeyer’s Lymphatic Ring?

Where does it drain into?

A
  • Composed of palatine, pharyngeal, and lingual tonsils
  • Drains to Deep Cervical Nodes
18
Q

What nerve can be found deep and lateral to the palatine tonsil?

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

19
Q

What is the function of tensor veli palatini or levator veli palatini? What innervates them?

What happens if the tensor veli palatini or levator veli palatini are paralyzed?

A

Tensor Veli Palantini

  • Tenses soft palate for swallowing
  • Acts on Pharyngotympani tube to help depressurize middle ear
  • Innervated by CN V3 (Medial Pterygoid Nerve of Mandibular N.)

Levator Veli Palantini

  • Elevates soft palate for swallowing
  • Acts on Pharyngotympani tube to help depressurize middle ear
  • Innvervated by CN X (Laryngeal branch of the Vagus N.)

Paralysis can lead to reflux of oral contents into nasal cavity or pharyngotympanic tube dysnfunction.

20
Q

What are the three stages of swallowing?

A
  • Stage 1 - Voluntary: Bolux compressed against palate and pushed into oropharynx from mouth
    • Movements from muscles of tongue and soft palate
  • Stage 2 - Involuntary and Rapid: Soft palate is elevated, closing of nasopharynx from oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
    • Pharynx receives bolus and larynx is elevated.
  • Stage 3 - Involuntary: Pharyngeal constrictors forces bolus down esophagus.
21
Q

What three muscles depress the torus tubarius and open the eustachian tube?

A

Superior pharyngeal constrictor.

Tensor veli palatini.

Levator veli palatini.

NeuroEndo Exam 1 (26 decks)

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