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BIOL10811 Body Systems > Lecture 9 Haematology II White Blood Cells > Flashcards

Lecture 9 Haematology II White Blood Cells Flashcards

1
Q

State another name of a white blood cells

A

Leukocytes. Leukocytes refers to all the different types of WBCs.

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2
Q

Make sure you can identify the different types of WBCs from photographs

A

Check one-note for graphs after active recall.

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3
Q

What is the buffy coat

A

Contains mostly leukocytes (WBCs) and platelets

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4
Q

Which cells are contained in the buffy coat

A

Mainly platelets, leukocytes ( including neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils and Eosinphils)

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5
Q

List the functions of leukocytes

A

Defence of pathogens
Toxin and waste removal
Removal of damaged cells
Acts mainly outside the tissues

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6
Q

List the key features common of all white blood cells

A

All can migrate out of the bloodstream.
all capable of amoeboid movement.
all attracted to chemical stimuli

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7
Q

How are leukocytes (wbc’s) charactarized?

A

There are 2 categories of leukocytes.

1) Granulocytes
2) Agranulocytes

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8
Q

What does extravasation mean

A

This is the ability of white blood cells to migrate out of the blood stream

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9
Q

Which feature of Leukocytes is used as an indicator of disease

A

The number of leukocytes present in the blood.

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10
Q

What is the ratio of RBCs to platelets and white blood cells

A

700 RBC’s :40 platelets : 1 white blood cell.

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11
Q

Name the most common type of leukocyte

A

Neutrophils are the most common.

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12
Q

State the normal white blood cell count

A

Approx 4-11 x 10^9 white blood cells per litre of blood.

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13
Q

Describe the strucure of neutrophils

A
  • most common
  • 9-15 um in diameter
  • distinctive nucleus with 2-5 lobes
  • granular cytoplasm
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14
Q

Describe the functions of neutrophils

A
  • First line of defense against bacterial infection.
  • phagocytic
  • mobile
  • circulate in the blood for approx 10 hrs.
  • major constituent of pus
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15
Q

Which of the white blood cells are phagocytic

A

Neutrophils, Eosinophils and Monocytes

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16
Q

What does it mean to be phagocytic

A

A cell capabe of ingesting/engulfing bacteria etc.

17
Q

Describe the structural features of Eosinophils

A

10-12 micrometers in diameter.

Bi-lobular nucleus (2 lobed)

18
Q

List some of the key functions of Eosinophils

A
  • circulate in the blood for approx 8-12 hours
  • survive 1-3 days
  • release toxic compounds like NO and cytotoxic enzymes
  • combat parasitic infections
  • attack bacteria, protazoa and debris.
19
Q

Which leukocyte only forms 2-4 % of the total white blood cells that circulate

A

Eosinophils.

20
Q

Which type of Leukocyte is the least common

A

Basophils

21
Q

Which type of leukocyte forms less than 1 percent of all circulating WBCs.

A

Basophils, these are the least common type of white blood cell.

22
Q

Describe the structure of Basophils

A
  • 8-10 micrometer in diameter
  • Bi-lobed S shaped nucleus with large cytoplasmic granules.
  • Granules are histamine and heparin.
23
Q

Which type of stem cell gives rise to leukocytes

A

The common myeloid progenitor differentes to produce ….

The common leukocyte progenitor differentiates to produce lymphocytes?

24
Q

Bi lobed, S shaped nucleus with cytoplasmic granules of Histamine and Heparin. Which type of WBC is being described here.

A

Basophils

25
Q

What functions are Basophils involved in

A

Inflammatory response

Potentially a pre-cursor to mas cells..

26
Q

Which type of WBC is the largest

A

Monocytes. They are the largest white blood cell.

27
Q

State the structural features of monocytes

A
  • Largest white blood cell
  • Up to 20 micrometers in diameter.
  • Large kidney/hores shoe shaped nucleus.
  • Extensive cytoplasm.
28
Q

How big are the monocytes

A

can be up to 20 micrometers in diameter

29
Q

List the functions of monocytes

A
  • Exhibit little function in the blood
  • Migrate out of circulation after 3-4 days.
  • Tissue macrophages
  • have phagocytic properties.q
30
Q

Lymphocyte structure

A
  • Smallest white blood cell
  • 6-15 micrometers in diameter
  • lifespan is weeks to several years.
31
Q

Lymphocyte functions

A

Central role in all immunological defense mechanisms

Circulates between various lymphoid tissues and all other tissues of body via blood and lymphatic vessels.

32
Q

Provide some examples of lymphocytes

A

T cells
B cells
NK cells

33
Q

What do T cells do

A

involved in cell mediated immunity

34
Q

What do B cells do

A

Differentiate into plasma cells and secrete antibodies

35
Q

What do NK cells do

A

responsible for immune surveillance - important in cancer prevention

BIOL10811 Body Systems (10 decks)

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