Lecture 9 - Gait Analysis Flashcards
what is gait analysis
the analysis of body segments through space and time during locomotion
walking is often assessed to :
- monitor rehabilitation
- detect motor dysfunction
- evaluate equipment
running often assessed to :
- help avoid potential injury
- improve comfort
- improve performance
- evaluate equipment
what is one gait cycle
ground contact to next ground contact of the same foot
what is stance phase
ground contact to toe off
what if swing phase
toe off to ground contact
what in walking is replaced by what in running
double stance in walking is replaced by flight phase in running
what are the key events in stance phase (walking)
- ground strike
- foot flat
- mid stance
- heel off
- toe off
what is ground strike in stance phase (walking)
initial ground contact usually with heel
what is foot flat in stance phase (walking)
heel down, foot eversion / pronation
what is mid stance in stance phase (walking)
support foot under pelvis, end of loading response, propulsion begins
what is heel off in stance phase (walking)
knee flexes usually with toe extension
what is toe off in stance phase (walking)
foot leaves the ground
what are the sub phases of swing phase (walking and running)
- early swing
- mid swing
- late swing
what is early swing (sub phase of swing phase - walking and running)
hip and knee are flexing
what is mid swing (sub phase of swing phase - walking and running)
foot swings under pelvis, max knee flexion, hip still flexing
what is late swing (sub phase of swing phase - walking and running)
knee extending, hip stops flexing and laterally rotates
what is the difference in balance between walking and running
balance more important in running, no double stance
what is the difference in vertical displacement between running and walking
greater vertical displacement in running because of flight phase
what is the difference in muscle energy between walking and running
muscles must generate and absorb more energy in running
what is the difference in hip and knee extension in walking and running
greater hip extension before ground strike, knee extended at toe off
what is step length
distance between consecutive ground strikes
what is stride length
distance between consecutive ground strikes of same leg
what is foot angle in gait analysis
orientation of foot (long axis) relative to line of progression
what is base (step) width
mediolateral distance between ground strikes (from heel) of each foot
what is step or stride time
time between ground strikes
what is single or double support time
time body is supported by one to two legs
what is swing or flight time
time one or both legs are not in ground contact
what is stride frequency
strides per second
