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Anatomy II > Lecture 9 (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Lecture 9 (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

This is the most common long bone to be fractured. It has relatively poor blood supply.

A

Tibia

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2
Q

The anteromedial surface of this leg bone is “bare” making it available for bone grafts.

A

Tibia

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3
Q

The tibia has a soleal (oblique) line on its (ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR) surface.

A

Posterior

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4
Q

This leg bone has a lateral malleolus important in ankle stability. It is a site for muscle attachment.

A

Fibula

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5
Q

What are the anterior, proximal components of the tibia?

A

Medial and lateral condyles
Tuberosity
Tubercles of intercondylar eminence

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6
Q

What are the posterior, proximal components of the tibia?

A

Medial and lateral condyles
Tubercles of intercondylar eminence
Articular facet for fibula
Soleal line

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7
Q

The articular facet for fibula is located on the inferior surface of the (MEDIAL/LATERAL) condyle.

A

Lateral

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8
Q

The soleal line of the tibia is a shallow rough ridge curving down from the (MEDIAL/LATERAL) condyle.

A

Lateral

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9
Q

What is the anterior, distal component of the tibia?

A

Medial malleolus

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10
Q

The lateral, distal component of the tibia consists of…

A

Fibular notch

Soleal line

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11
Q

What are the components of the proximal end of the fibula?

A

Head
Apex (styloid process)
Articular surface for lateral condyle of tibia

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12
Q

What is at the distal end of the fibula?

A

Lateral malleolus (with articular surface for talus)

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13
Q

Both the tibia and fibula have _________ borders. These face each other when the two bones are articulated and is the site of attachment of the _________ membrane.

A

Interosseous

Interosseous

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14
Q

The ______ ______ is continuous with fascia latae, which is an attachment to the anterior and medial borders of the tibia. It is continuous with the periosteum and leaves a bare area.

A

Crural fascia

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15
Q

The crural fascia forms the ________ in the foot.

A

Retinacula

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16
Q

The (SUPERIOR/INFERIOR) (extensor) retinaculum is proximal to the malleoli and binds tendons in the anterior crural compartment.

A

Superior

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17
Q

The (SUPERIOR/INFERIOR) (extensor) retinaculum is “Y”-shaped.

A

Inferior

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18
Q

The (EXTENSOR/FLEXOR) retinaculum binds tendons of the deep posterior compartment.

A

Flexor

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19
Q

Superior/inferior ________ retinacula bind tendons of lateral crural compartment.

A

Peroneal

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20
Q

The anterior compartment of the leg has the ______ ______ nerve territory, and the ________ of foot and toes.

A

Deep fibular

Dorsiflexors

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21
Q

The lateral compartment of the leg has the ______ ______ nerve territory, and the _______ of the foot.

A

Superficial fibular

Elevators

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22
Q

The posterior compartment of the leg has the ______ nerve and the _______ _______ of foot and toes.

A

Tibial

Plantar flexors

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23
Q

In the superficial, posterior compartment of the leg, this cutaneous nerve comes from the common peroneal (fibular) nerve.

A

Lateral sural cutaneous nerve

24
Q

In the superficial, posterior compartment of the leg, this cutaneous nerve comes from the tibial nerve.

A

Medial sural cutaneous nerve

25
Q

The sural nerve runs with which vein?

A

Lesser saphenous vein

26
Q

This muscle of the leg crosses both knee and ankle joint. It has two heads that form the inferior boundaries of the popliteal fossa.

A

Gastrocnemius

27
Q

The lateral head of the gastrocnemius may have a small sesamoid bone, called…

A

Fabella

28
Q

This muscle of the leg may be absent. The tendon may be used for hand surgery.

A

Plantaris

29
Q

This muscle of the leg is a broad, multipennate muscle. It is a unijoint muscle, and is deep to the gastrocnemius.

A

Soleus

30
Q

What is the triceps surae composed of?

A

Soleus and two heads of gastrocnemius

31
Q

A common insertion point for muscles of the leg is the calcaneus via tendo calcaneus, also called _______ tendon.

A

Achilles

32
Q

This nerve supplies all muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg.

A

Tibial nerve

33
Q

The tibial nerve divides into medial and lateral ______ nerves inferior and posterior to the medial malleolus.

A

Plantar

34
Q

The tibial nerve joins with the communicating branch of common peroneal (fibular) nerve to form which nerve?

A

Sural nerve (Medial sural cutaneous nerve comes from tibia)

35
Q

This is the largest branch of popliteal artery, and divides into medial and lateral plantar arteries deep to the origin of the abductor hallucis muscle.

A

Posterior tibial artery

36
Q

This is the most important branch of posterior tibial artery. It supplies the lateral compartment, popliteus muscles, and other muscles in the posterior compartment.

A

Peroneal (fibular) artery

37
Q

This muscle of the leg lies in the floor of the popliteal fossa. It flexes and rotates the knee.

A

Popliteus

38
Q

This muscle of the leg has a tendon that passes posterior to the medial malleolus and to the tendon of tibialis posterior. It plantarflexes the foot at the ankle joint.

A

Flexor digitorum longus

39
Q

This muscle of the leg has a tendon that occupies the groove on the posterior surface of the talus. The tendon is continuous with the groove on the plantar surface of the sustentaculum tali, passes posterior to medial malleolus, and passes between two sesamoid bones. The is the push-off muscle for walking, jumping, and running.

A

Flexor hallucis longus

40
Q

This muscle of the leg functions in plantar flexion and foot inversion. It helps to maintain the medial longitudinal arch.

A

Tibialis posterior

41
Q

What is the nerve and blood supply of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibial nerve

Posterior tibial artery

42
Q

This muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg is lateral to the crest of the tibia. It performs foot dorsiflexion and inversion. L4-L5. Paralysis results in foot drop.

A

Tibialis anterior

43
Q

This muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg has four tendons of insertion. Each tendon inserts on an extensor expansion similar to the arrangement in the hand. It performs toe extension at MTP and also dorsiflexion.

A

Extensor digitorum longus

44
Q

This muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg is part of the extensor digitorum longus. It is sometimes missing and performs foot dorsiflexion and eversion.

A

Peroneus (fibularis) tertius

45
Q

This muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg is involved with extension of the big toe.

A

Extensor hallucis longus

46
Q

What are the main two actions performed by the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Toe extension

Ankle dorsiflexion

47
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve

48
Q

What gives the blood supply to the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Anterior tibial artery

49
Q

The anterior tibial artery becomes the ______ ______ artery at the ankle joint.

A

Dorsalis pedis

50
Q

The anterior tibial artery is a smaller terminal branch of the ________ artery.

A

Popliteal

51
Q

This muscle of the lateral compartment of the leg is more superficial. It is easily palpated and its tendon uses the lateral malleolus as a pulley. The tendon crosses the sole of the foot and inserts on the first metatarsus and cuneiform. It helps to maintain transverse and longitudinal arches of the foot.

A

Peroneus (fibularis) longus

52
Q

This muscle of the lateral compartment of the leg is deep to the peroneus longus. It inserts on the lateral tuberosity and functions in plantar flexion and foot eversion.

A

Peroneus (fibularis) brevis

53
Q

What innervates the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve

54
Q

The superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve is deep to the peroneus longus and inserts on the _______ _______.

A

Lateral tuberosity

55
Q

There are no major arteries in the lateral compartment of the leg. Muscular branches arise from the _______ artery, which is a branch of the posterior tibial artery.

A

Peroneal

56
Q

The spinal cord levels of the lateral compartment of the leg are…

A

L5

S1-S2

Anatomy II (11 decks)

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