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Anatomy II > Lecture 10 (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Lecture 10 (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the hindfoot?

A

Talus

Calcaneus

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2
Q

What are the components of the midfoot?

A

Navicular
Cuboid
Cuneiforms (3)

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3
Q

What are the components of the forefoot?

A

Metatarsals

Phalanges

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4
Q

The superior tibiofibular joint is a ________ plane joint with a capsule.

A

Synovial

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5
Q

The inferior tibiofibular joint is a ________. It contains the posterior tibiofibular ligament, anterior tibiofibular ligament, and crural tibiofibular interosseous ligament.

A

Syndesmosis

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6
Q

This is considered the ankle joint. It is the most congruent joint in the body.

A

Talotibial (talocrural) joint

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7
Q

The _______ joint consists of the fibular malleolus, tibial malleolus, and distal end of the tibia.

A

Mortise

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8
Q

The _______ joint consists of the head of the talus.

A

Tenon

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9
Q

The ankle joint is a _______ _______ joint.

A

Synovial hinge

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10
Q

The axis of the ankle joint is a toe out stance, which is normal tibial _______. Pathologically, there can be external/internal tibial _______.

A

Torsion

Torsion

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11
Q

The movements of the ankle joint include _______ (increased toe out), ________ (decreased toe out). Mostly occur in sagittal plane.

A

Dorsiflexion

Plantarflexion

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12
Q

This ankle ligament is also known as the deltoid.

A

Medial collateral

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13
Q

What are the 4 components of the medial collateral ankle ligament?

A

Tibionavicular
Tibiocalcanean
Anterior tibiotalar
Posterior tibiotalar

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14
Q

This ankle ligament is the weakest of the collaterals.

A

Lateral collateral

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15
Q

What are the components of the lateral collateral ankle ligament?

A

Anterior talofibular
Posterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular

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16
Q

This ankle joint is very stable, uniaxial, triplanar, has three surfaces, and contains the tarsal tunnel.

A

Talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint

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17
Q

This component of the talocalcaneal joint is nonsynovial and has the talocalcaneal ligament.

A

Tarsal tunnel

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18
Q

The (ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR) surface of the talocalcaneal joint is a concave facet on the talus with a convex facet on the calcaneus.

A

Posterior

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19
Q

The (ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR) surface of the talocalcaneal joint is convex facets on the body and neck of the talus with the concave facets on the calcaneus.

A

Anterior

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20
Q

What movements does the talocalcaneal joint perform?

A

Inversion

Eversion

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21
Q

What ligaments are involved with the talocalcaneal joint?

A

Interosseous talocalcaneal

Posterior and lateral talocalcaneal

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22
Q

This is a composite joint consisting of the talocalcaneal joint and talonavicular joint.

A

Talocalcaneonavicular joint

23
Q

What movements can the talocalcaneonavicular joint perform?

A

Inversion

Eversion

24
Q

The talocalcaneonavicular joint involves what ligament?

A

Calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament

25
Q

The calcaneonavicular ligament goes from the ________ _______ to the _______ _______.

A

Sustentaculum tali

Inferior navicular

26
Q

The calcaneonavicular ligament is continuous medially with the ________ ligament.

A

Deltoid

27
Q

The calcaneonavicular ligament is continuous laterally with which ligament?

A

Medial band of bifurcate ligament

28
Q

The calcaneonavicular ligament helps to maintain the _______ _______ _______.

A

Medial longitudinal arch

29
Q

This joint deals with the articulating bones calcaneus and cuboid and its movements are triplanar.

A

Calcaneocuboid joint

30
Q

What ligaments are involved with the calcaneocuboid joint?

A 
Short plantar (plantar calcaneocuboid) 
Long plantar
31
Q

This is the most important ligament of the calcaneocuboid joint.

A

Long plantar

32
Q

This joint is a composite joint consisting of the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints.

A

Transverse tarsal joint

33
Q

The transverse tarsal joint is the traditional link between the _______ and _______.

A

Hindfoot

Forefoot

34
Q

What actions does the transverse tarsal joint perform?

A

Inversion

Eversion

35
Q

The transverse tarsal joint compensates the forefoot for hindfoot (INVERSION/EVERSION).

A

Eversion

36
Q

The transverse tarsal joint compensation between the hindfoot and forefoot is not possible when the hindfoot is (INVERTED/EVERTED).

A

Inverted

37
Q

The transverse tarsal joint keeps the distal foot (INVERTED/EVERTED) with the lateral surface in contact with the ground while the hindfoot is everted.

A

Inverted

38
Q

These are localized thickenings of the anterior crural fascia.

A

Superior/Inferior extensor retinacula

39
Q

What four muscle’s tendons are bound down by the superior/inferior extensor retinacula?

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Peroneus tertius

40
Q

What nerve and artery do the superior/inferior extensor retinacula cover?

A 
Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve
Anterior tibial artery
41
Q

The inferior retinaculum is _____-shaped.

A

Y

42
Q

This is a localized medial thickening of the crural fascia.

A

Flexor retinaculum

43
Q

What muscle’s tendons are bound down by the flexor retinaculum?

A

Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibial posterior

44
Q

What nerve and artery does the flexor retinaculum cover?

A

Tibial nerve

Posterior tibial artery

45
Q

This is a localized medial thickening of lateral deep fascia.

A

Peroneal (fibular) retinaculum

46
Q

What muscle’s tendons are bound down by the peroneal (fibular) retinaculum?

A

Peroneus (fibularis) longus

Peroneus (fibularis) brevis

47
Q

The longitudinal plantar arches can be ________ or ________.

A

Medial

Lateral

48
Q

Pathologies of the plantar arches are _____ _____ or “high arch” and ______ ______ or “flat feet”.

A

Pes cavus

Pes planus

49
Q

What is the primary support ligament for the medial longitudinal arch?

A

Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament

50
Q

What is the primary support ligament for the lateral longitudinal arch?

A

Long plantar ligament

51
Q

What are 3 other support ligaments of the plantar arches?

A

Plantar aponeurosis
Plantar calcaneocuboid (short plantar)
Marginal abductors

52
Q

What are 2 other arch support structures?

A

Shapes of bones

Peroneus longus

53
Q

This is the general term for the superficial fascial structures that bind tendons and muscles down against the foot to prevent excessive free movement.

A

Retinacula

54
Q

This is a fascial sheath from the calcaneus that divides into 5 bands that enclose the flexor tendons going to the toes. It functions as a superficial ligament and can tighten and cause plantar fasciitis.

A

Plantar aponeurosis

Anatomy II (11 decks)

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